首先,先看一下permission定义的格式:
- <permission android:description="string resource"
- android:icon="drawable resource"
- android:label="string resource"
- android:name="string"
- android:permissionGroup="string"
- android:protectionLevel=["normal" | "dangerous" |
- "signature" | "signatureOrSystem"] />
<permission android:description="string resource"
android:icon="drawable resource"
android:label="string resource"
android:name="string"
android:permissionGroup="string"
android:protectionLevel=["normal" | "dangerous" |
"signature" | "signatureOrSystem"] />
上面代码来自官方文档: http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/security/security.html。
propectionLevel这个属性是必须声明,告诉系统通知用户的应用要求许可,或允许谁认为获得许可的情况下。
permissionGroup这个是可选的,被用于协助t系统向用户显示权限,一般会像(listed inandroid.Manifest.permission_group
)这个一样设置为标准系统组,很少自定义,最好使用已经定义的,使用起来也方便。
lable,name和cicon用于描述权限。
在launcher2的manifest源代码中,分别有permission和uses-permission的定义,
- <permission
- android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT"
- android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
- android:protectionLevel="normal"
- android:label="@string/permlab_install_shortcut"
- android:description="@string/permdesc_install_shortcut" />
- <permission
- android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT"
- android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
- android:protectionLevel="normal"
- android:label="@string/permlab_uninstall_shortcut"
- android:description="@string/permdesc_uninstall_shortcut"/>
- <permission
- android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS"
- android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
- android:protectionLevel="normal"
- android:label="@string/permlab_read_settings"
- android:description="@string/permdesc_read_settings"/>
- <permission
- android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"
- android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
- android:protectionLevel="normal"
- android:label="@string/permlab_write_settings"
- android:description="@string/permdesc_write_settings"/>
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR" />
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_TASKS" />
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER" />
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS" />
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BIND_APPWIDGET" />
- <uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />
- <uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_ANIMATION_SCALE" />
<permission
android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT"
android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
android:protectionLevel="normal"
android:label="@string/permlab_install_shortcut"
android:description="@string/permdesc_install_shortcut" />
<permission
android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT"
android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
android:protectionLevel="normal"
android:label="@string/permlab_uninstall_shortcut"
android:description="@string/permdesc_uninstall_shortcut"/>
<permission
android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS"
android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
android:protectionLevel="normal"
android:label="@string/permlab_read_settings"
android:description="@string/permdesc_read_settings"/>
<permission
android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"
android:permissionGroup="android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
android:protectionLevel="normal"
android:label="@string/permlab_write_settings"
android:description="@string/permdesc_write_settings"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_TASKS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BIND_APPWIDGET" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_ANIMATION_SCALE" />
上面是自己定义的permission,下面是调用系统的权限,在上面自己定义的权限是在哪里是用的哪?在manifest文件中的101行:
- <receiver
- android:name="com.android.launcher2.InstallShortcutReceiver"
- android:permission="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT">
- <intent-filter>
- <action android:name="com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" />
- </intent-filter>
- </receiver>
<receiver
android:name="com.android.launcher2.InstallShortcutReceiver"
android:permission="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
InstallShortcutReceive使用了上面定义的INSTALL_SHORTCUT的权限。
两者之间的不同之一就是,作用域不同,在manifest.xml文件中,<uses-permission>是和<application>同级的节点,一般<uses-permission >是在</application>后面的。但<permission>就不同了,是定义在<application>和</application>之间,和Activity、Service同级别的,同时使用group的权限组可以大幅减少你同类型相似权限的声明。(这段表述有误,应该是同级别)
其二可能就是<uses-permission>是官方定义的权限,是调用别人的东西的时候自己需要声明的权限,<permission>是自己定义的权限,就是别人调用这个程序时需要用<uses-permission>来声明。
在一般情况下实际上不需要为自己的应用程序声明某个权限,除非你提供了供其他应用程序调用的代码或者数据。这个时候你才需要使用<permission>这个标签,很显然这个标签可以让我们声明自己程序的权限。
转自:http://blog.csdn.net/aomandeshangxiao/article/details/6940941