参考文章:http://www.cnblogs.com/xiwix/archive/2012/04/15/2450684.html
提取出C#部分内容,亲测可用!
生成短地址-算法原理
1)将长网址md5生成32位签名串,分为4段, 每段8个字节;
2)对这四段循环处理, 取8个字节, 将他看成16进制串与0x3fffffff(30位1)与操作, 即超过30位的忽略处理;
3)这30位分成6段, 每5位的数字作为字母表的索引取得特定字符, 依次进行获得6位字符串;
4)总的md5串可以获得4个6位串; 取里面的任意一个就可作为这个长url的短url地址;
//转成短地址
public static string[] getShortUrl(string url)
{
//可以自定义生成MD5加密字符传前的混合KEY
string key = "fodoco";
//要使用生成URL的字符
string[] chars = new string[]{
"a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h",
"i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p",
"q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x",
"y","z","0","1","2","3","4","5",
"6","7","8","9","A","B","C","D",
"E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L",
"M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T",
"U","V","W","X","Y","Z"
};
//对传入网址进行MD5加密
string hex = System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication.HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile(key + url, "md5");
string[] resUrl = new string[4];
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
//把加密字符按照8位一组16进制与0x3FFFFFFF进行位与运算
int hexint = 0x3FFFFFFF & Convert.ToInt32("0x" + hex.Substring(i * 8, 8), 16);
string outChars = string.Empty;
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
{
//把得到的值与0x0000003D进行位与运算,取得字符数组chars索引
int index = 0x0000003D & hexint;
//把取得的字符相加
outChars += chars[index];
//每次循环按位右移5位
hexint = hexint >> 5;
}
//把字符串存入对应索引的输出数组
resUrl[i] = outChars;
}
return resUrl;
}
短网址使用流程:
1、提交网址存储后获取其编号 如:123456
2、用dec2Any将编号转换为62进制,并拼接网址 如:http://go.to/w7e
3、用户访问到http://go.to/w7e 时,提取短网址后缀 w7e
4、用any2Dec将短网址后缀转换为10进制,得到链接编号 如:123456
5、使用编号查询链接,并进行跳转
/**
* 返回一字符串,十进制 number 以 radix 进制的表示。
* @param dec 需要转换的数字
* @param toRadix 输出进制。当不在转换范围内时,此参数会被设定为 2,以便及时发现。
* @return 指定输出进制的数字
*/
public static string dec2Any(long dec, int toRadix)
{
int MIN_RADIX = 2;
int MAX_RADIX = 62;
string num62 = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
if (toRadix < MIN_RADIX || toRadix > MAX_RADIX)
{
toRadix = 2;
}
if (toRadix == 10)
{
return dec.ToString();
}
// -Long.MIN_VALUE 转换为 2 进制时长度为65
string[] buf = new string[65];
int charPos = 64;
bool isNegative = dec < 0;
if (!isNegative)
{
dec = -dec;
}
while (dec <= -toRadix)
{
buf[charPos--] = num62.Substring(-((int)(dec % toRadix)), 1);
dec /= toRadix;
}
buf[charPos] = num62.Substring((int)-dec, 1);
if (isNegative)
{
buf[--charPos] = "-";
}
string _any = "";
for (int i = charPos; i < 65; i++)
{
_any += buf[i];
}
return _any;
}
/**
* 返回一字符串,包含 number 以 10 进制的表示。需要注意的是,要用long类型接收,int范围不够
* fromBase 只能在 2 和 62 之间(包括 2 和 62)。
* @param number 输入数字
* @param fromRadix 输入进制
* @return 十进制数字
*/
public static long any2Dec(string number, int fromRadix)
{
string num62 = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
long dec = 0;
int digitValue = 0;
int len = number.Length - 1;
for (int t = 0; t <= len; t++)
{
digitValue = num62.IndexOf(number[t]);
dec = dec * fromRadix + digitValue;
}
return dec;
}
使用实例:
创建数据表:
if exists (select 1
from sysobjects
where id = object_id('Link')
and type = 'U')
drop table Link
go
/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: Link */
/*==============================================================*/
create table Link (
id bigint not null,
shortLink varchar(10) null,
longLink nvarchar(200) not null,
createDate datetime null default getdate(),
constraint PK_LINK primary key (id)
)
go
生成:
string webUrl = "";//传进来的网址
long? shortId = null;//短地址对应的10进制数
string shortUrl = null;//短地址
while (true)
{
shortUrl = ShortUrl.getShortUrl(webUrl)[1];//此处固定为1,可用随机数0~3
shortId = ShortUrl.any2Dec(shortUrl, 62);
SQLServerDAL.Admin a = new SQLServerDAL.Admin();
string[] arr = a.DetailSQL("select longLink from dbo.Link where id=" + shortId);
if (arr == null || arr[0] == webUrl) //此处为判断数据库是否已存在此条记录
{
break;
}
}
//添加到数据库-代码略
跳转:
string link ="";//传进来的短地址
long shortId = ShortUrl.any2Dec(link, 62);
SQLServerDAL.Admin a = new SQLServerDAL.Admin();
string[] arr = a.DetailSQL("select longLink from dbo.Link where id=" + shortId);
if (arr != null && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(arr[0]))//此处为判断是否找到该条记录
{
Response.Redirect(arr[0], true);
}