【RHCE-第四天作业】

配置dns服务的正反向解析

一、正向解析

1.安装需要的服务

yum install bind -y

如果失败，可以先检查是否是挂载出了问题，重新挂载一下

2.编写配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/named.conf 
options {
	listen-on port 53 { 192.168.229.136; };
	directory 	"/var/named";
	allow-query     { any; };
};

zone "qq.com" IN {
	type master;
	file "named.qq.com";
};

[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/named/named.qq.com 
$TTL 1D  
@	IN	SOA	@	admin.qq.com.   (
     						2022090100   
     						1D  
     						1H  
     						3D  
     						1D ) 
@ IN NS dns.qq.com.
dns IN A 192.168.10.100

www IN A 192.168.10.10
en IN A 192.168.10.20
ftp IN A 192.168.10.30
fff IN CNAME  ftp

3.重启named服务，且关闭防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart named
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

4.客户端主机修改resolv.conf文件，并测试

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf 
# Generated by NetworkManager
search localdomain
nameserver 192.168.229.136

[root@localhost ~]# dig -t A www.qq.com @192.168.229.136

; <<>> DiG 9.11.26-RedHat-9.11.26-6.el8 <<>> -t A www.qq.com @192.168.229.136
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 6980
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
; COOKIE: ed19cc67ea7ec5d3596acf916310c804e479ba407ecea949 (good)
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.qq.com.			IN	A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.qq.com.		86400	IN	A	192.168.10.10

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
qq.com.			86400	IN	NS	dns.qq.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns.qq.com.		86400	IN	A	192.168.10.100

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.229.136#53(192.168.229.136)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 01 10:56:04 EDT 2022
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 117

二、反向解析

1.修改配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/named.conf 
options {
	listen-on port 53 { 192.168.229.136; };
	directory 	"/var/named";
	allow-query     { any; };
};

zone "229.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
	type master;
	file "named2.qq.com";
	allow-update { none; };
};

[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/named/named2.qq.com 
$TTL 1D  
@	IN	SOA	@	admin.qq.com.   (
     						2022090100   
     						1D  
     						1H  
     						3D  
     						1D ) 
@ IN NS dns.qq.com.
dns IN A 192.168.229.136

10 IN PTR www.qq.com.
20 IN PTR en.qq.com.
30 IN PTR ftp.qq.com.
fff IN CNAME  ftp

2.重启named服务

3.客户端测试

[root@localhost ~]# host 192.168.229.136
Host 136.229.168.192.in-addr.arpa. not found: 3(NXDOMAIN)
[root@localhost ~]# host 192.168.229.10
10.229.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer www.qq.com.
[root@localhost ~]# host 192.168.229.20
20.229.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer en.qq.com.