使用dnsmasq在本地将域名解析为CNAME别名

目前，在aws上有一个负载均衡器：some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com，现在我想使用自己的域名（balancer.example.com）指向负载均衡器,这样可以方便公开此网站。

在dnsmasq的做法如下：

1. 先安装dnsmasq

yum install -y dnsmasq

2. 配置dnsmasq

dnsmasq 默认配置文件为/etc/dnsmasq.conf、/etc/dnsmasq.d/目录下的文件,并从/etc/hosts读取域名、从/etc/resolv.conf 读取上游dns。

2.1 在dnsmasq的配置文件：/etc/dnsmasq.d/address.conf 添加如下内容

cname = balancer.example.com,some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com

2.2 在/etc/hosts 添加如下内容，步骤如下：

2.2.1 先找出some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com 的ip（有可能有几个IP），你可以使用nslookup或ping找出ip，这里我们使用ping 找出一个IP就行：

# ping b5b41197-default-nginx-ef8b-1479439401.ap-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com
PING some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com (18.122.188.66) 56(84) bytes of data.

2.2.2 在/etc/hosts添加如下内容：

18.122.188.66 some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com

3. 检查结果是否正确：

在客户端，把使用的dns服务器指向dnsmasq,并在nslookup中测试：

mac-Pro-client:~ test$ nslookup 
> server 192.168.5.73
Default server: 192.168.5.73
Address: 192.168.5.73#53
> some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com
Server:		192.168.5.73
Address:	192.168.5.73#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:	some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com
Address: 18.122.188.66
Name:	some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com
Address: 18.122.28.43
Name:	some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com
Address: 18.122.178.16

> balancer.example.com
Server:		192.168.5.73
Address:	192.168.5.73#53

balancer.example.com	canonical name = some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com.
Name:	some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com
Address: 18.122.188.66

上面，可以看到 balancer.example.com 已经正确解析为some-balancer-458343333.ap-southeast-1.elb.amazonaws.com的IP地址（18.122.188.66）。

所有，你现在可以使用 balancer.example.com 访问了。

参考：

dnsmasq安装过程：https://blog.csdn.net/kozazyh/article/details/79432989

https://serverfault.com/questions/789530/resolve-a-domain-name-to-cname-alias-locally-using-dnsmasq