基于Javaweb的小项目(类似于qqzone) 4 ——通用代码模块 - 过滤器、异常处理、servlet通用代码块

1.过滤器Filter

• 对页面传回的内容进过滤，并设置编码，防止出现中文乱码问题
• 【CharacterEncodingFilter.java】

package com.javaweb.qqzone.myssm.filters;
import com.javaweb.qqzone.myssm.util.StringUtil;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebFilter(urlPatterns = {"*.do"},initParams = {@WebInitParam(name = "encoding", value = "UTF-8")})
public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {

    private String encoding = "UTF-8";

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        String encodingStr = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
        if (StringUtil.isNotEmpty(encodingStr)) {
            encoding = encodingStr;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {

        ((HttpServletRequest)servletRequest).setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

• 对所有的前端请求进行过滤，且进行业务管理
• 【OpenSessionInViewFilter.java】

package com.javaweb.qqzone.myssm.filters;

import com.javaweb.qqzone.myssm.transaction.TransactionManager;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;

@WebFilter("*.do")
public class OpenSessionInViewFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        try {
            TransactionManager.beginTrans();
            System.out.println("开启事务....");
            filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
            TransactionManager.commit();
            System.out.println("提交事务....");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            try {
                TransactionManager.rollback();
                System.out.println("回滚事务....");
            } catch (SQLException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

2.异常处理

• 对DAO层的异常信息进行处理
• 【DAOException.java】

public class DAOException extends RuntimeException{
    public DAOException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
    }
}

• 对DispatcherServlet的异常信息进行处理
• 【DispatcherException .java】

public class DispatcherException extends RuntimeException{
    public DispatcherException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
    }
}

3.Servlet通用模块

• 对thymeleaf的相关处理
• 【ViewBaseServlet .java】

package com.javaweb.qqzone.myssm.myspingmvc;

import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.context.WebContext;
import org.thymeleaf.templatemode.TemplateMode;
import org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ViewBaseServlet extends HttpServlet {

    private TemplateEngine templateEngine;

    @Override
    public void init() throws ServletException {

        // 1.获取ServletContext对象
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();

        // 2.创建Thymeleaf解析器对象
        ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(servletContext);

        // 3.给解析器对象设置参数
        // ①HTML是默认模式，明确设置是为了代码更容易理解
        templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);

        // ②设置前缀
        String viewPrefix = servletContext.getInitParameter("view-prefix");

        templateResolver.setPrefix(viewPrefix);

        // ③设置后缀
        String viewSuffix = servletContext.getInitParameter("view-suffix");

        templateResolver.setSuffix(viewSuffix);

        // ④设置缓存过期时间（毫秒）
        templateResolver.setCacheTTLMs(60000L);

        // ⑤设置是否缓存
        templateResolver.setCacheable(true);

        // ⑥设置服务器端编码方式
        templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

        // 4.创建模板引擎对象
        templateEngine = new TemplateEngine();

        // 5.给模板引擎对象设置模板解析器
        templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);

    }

    protected void processTemplate(String templateName, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
        // 1.设置响应体内容类型和字符集
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        // 2.创建WebContext对象
        WebContext webContext = new WebContext(req, resp, getServletContext());

        // 3.处理模板数据
        templateEngine.process(templateName, webContext, resp.getWriter());
    }
}

• 中央控制器
• 【DispatcherServlet .java】

package com.javaweb.qqzone.myssm.myspingmvc;

import com.javaweb.qqzone.myssm.exception.DispatcherException;
import com.javaweb.qqzone.myssm.ioc.BeanFactory;
import com.javaweb.qqzone.myssm.util.StringUtil;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Parameter;

@WebServlet("*.do")
public class DispatcherServlet extends ViewBaseServlet {
    private BeanFactory beanFactory;

    public DispatcherServlet() {

    }


    public void init() throws ServletException {
        super.init();
        // 之前是在此处主动创建IOC容器的
        // 现在优化为从application作用域去获取
        //beanFactory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext();
        ServletContext application = getServletContext();
        Object beanFactoryObj = application.getAttribute("beanFactory");
        if (beanFactoryObj != null) {
            beanFactory = (BeanFactory) beanFactoryObj;
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("IOC容器获取失败....");
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //设置编码
       // request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

        //假设URL：http://localhost:8080/03mvcDispatcher/hello.do
        //那么servletPath是：/hello.do
        //我的思路：
        // 第1步:  /hello.do ->  hello
        String servletPath = request.getServletPath();
        servletPath = servletPath.substring(1);
        int lastDotIndex = servletPath.lastIndexOf(".do");
        servletPath = servletPath.substring(0, lastDotIndex);
        System.out.println("servletPath=" + servletPath);

        // 第2步：  hello  -> HelloController
        Object controllerBeanObj = beanFactory.getBean(servletPath);

        String operation = request.getParameter("operation");
        if (StringUtil.isEmpty(operation)) {
            operation = "index";
        }
   
        try {
            Method[] methods = controllerBeanObj.getClass().getDeclaredMethods();
            for (Method method : methods) {
                if (operation.equals(method.getName())){
                    //1.统一获取请求参数

                    //1-1.获取当前请求方法的参数，返回参数数组
                    Parameter[] parameters = method.getParameters();

                    //1-2.parameterValues用来存放参数的值
                    Object[] parameterValues = new Object[parameters.length];
                    for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
                        Parameter parameter = parameters[i];
                        //不考虑复选框的值，只考虑单选框的值
                        String parameterName = parameter.getName();
                        //如果参数名为request、response、session,那就不是通过请求中获取参数
                        if ("request".equals(parameterName)) {
                            parameterValues[i] = request;
                        } else if ("response".equals(parameterName)) {
                            parameterValues[i] = response;
                        } else if ("session".equals(parameterName)){
                            parameterValues[i] = request.getSession();
                        } else {
                            //从请求中获取参数值
                            String parameterValue = request.getParameter(parameterName);

                            Object parameterObj = parameterValue;
                            String typeName = parameter.getType().getName();
                            if (parameterObj != null) {
                                if ("java.lang.Integer".equals(typeName) ) {
                                    parameterObj = Integer.parseInt(parameterValue);
                                }
                            }
                            parameterValues[i] = parameterObj;
                        }
                    }

                    //2.controller组件中的方法调用
                    method.setAccessible(true);
                    Object methodReturnObj = method.invoke(controllerBeanObj,parameterValues);

                    //3.视图处理
                    String methodReturnStr = (String) methodReturnObj;
                    if (methodReturnStr.startsWith("redirect:")) {//比如 ：redirect:fruit.do
                        String redirectStr = methodReturnStr.substring("redirect:".length());
                        response.sendRedirect(redirectStr);
                    } else {
                        super.processTemplate(methodReturnStr,request,response);
                    }

                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new DispatcherException("DispatcherServlet 出错了");
        }
    }
}