SpringMVC学习笔记(五)—— 域对象共享数据

05、域对象共享数据

5.1、概述

1、域对象有四种:

  • pageContext:指JSP页面的范围,范围最小。
  • request:指一次请求范围
  • session:指一次会话范围,浏览器开启到浏览器关闭的范围
  • applicationServletContext):指整个应用范围,整个服务器开启到服务器关闭的范围

2、session中钝化与活化:

  • 钝化:当服务器关闭了,但是浏览器未关闭,说明会话仍在继续,这时存储在session中的数据,经过序列化到磁盘上。
  • 活化:如果浏览器仍未关闭,且此时服务器重新开启了,此时会将钝化后的文件内容重新读取到session中,这个过程叫活化。

3、如何选择域对象?

  • 应该选择能够实现功能但范围最小的域对象。

4、配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--配置SpringMVC的编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <!--设置请求编码-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--设置响应编码-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <!--配置SpringMVC的前端控制器DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5、配置springMVC.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--扫描组件-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.mvc.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <!--配置Thymeleaf的视图解析器-->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
        <property name="order" value="1"/>
        <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
        <property name="templateEngine">
            <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
                <property name="templateResolver">
                    <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
                        <!-- 视图前缀 -->
                        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
                        <!-- 视图后缀 -->
                        <property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
                        <property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
                        <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

5.2、向request域对象共享数据

5.2.1、使用ServletAPI向request域对象共享数据

index.html

<a th:href="@{/testRequestByServletAPI}">通过ServletAPI向request域对象共享数据</a>

ScopeController.java

@Controller
public class ScopeController {

    //使用ServletAPI向request域对象共享数据
    @RequestMapping("/testRequestByServletAPI")
    public String testRequestByServletAPI(HttpServletRequest request) {
        request.setAttribute("testRequestScope","hello,ServletAPI");
        return "success";
    }
}

success.html

<p th:text="${testRequestScope}"></p>

5.2.2、使用ModelAndView向request域对象共享数据

1、ModelAndViewModelView的功能

  • Model:主要用于向请求域共享数据
  • View:主要用于设置视图,实现页面跳转

2、代码演示:

index.html

<a th:href="@{/testRequestByModelAndView}">通过ModelAndView向request域对象共享数据</a><br>

ScopeController.java

@Controller
public class ScopeController {

    @RequestMapping("/testRequestByModelAndView")
    public ModelAndView testRequestByModelAndView() {
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
        //处理模型数据,即向请求域request共享数据
        mav.addObject("testRequestScope","hello,ModelAndView");
        //设置视图名称
        mav.setViewName("success");
        return mav;
    }
}

注意:ModelAndView必须作为返回值

5.2.3、使用Model向request域对象共享数据

index.html

<a th:href="@{/testRequestByModel}">通过Model向request域对象共享数据</a><br>

ScopeController.java

@Controller
public class ScopeController {
    @RequestMapping("/testRequestByModel")
    public String testRequestByModel(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("testRequestScope","hello,model");
        return "success";
    }
}

5.2.4、使用Map向request域对象共享数据

index.html

<a th:href="@{/testRequestByMap}">通过Map向request域对象共享数据</a><br>

ScopeController.java

@Controller
public class ScopeController {
    @RequestMapping("/testRequestByMap")
    public String testRequestByMap(Map<String,Object> map) {
        map.put("testRequestScope","hello,map");
        return "success";
    }
}

5.2.5、使用ModelMap向request域对象共享数据

index.html

<a th:href="@{/testRequestByModelMap}">通过ModelMap向request域对象共享数据</a><br>

ScopeController.java

@Controller
public class ScopeController {
    @RequestMapping("/testRequestByModelMap")
    public String testRequestByModelMap(ModelMap modelMap) {
        modelMap.addAttribute("testRequestScope","hello,ModelMap");
        return "success";
    }
}

5.2.6、Model、ModelMap、Map的关系

ModelModelMapMap类型的参数其实本质上都是 BindingAwareModelMap 类型的

public interface Model{}
public class ModelMap extends LinkedHashMap<String, Object> {}
public class ExtendedModelMap extends ModelMap implements Model {}
public class BindingAwareModelMap extends ExtendedModelMap {}

5.2.7、总结

控制器方法执行之后都会返回统一的ModelAndView对象

5.3、向session域共享数据

index.html

<a th:href="@{/testSession}">通过ServletAPI向session域对象共享数据</a><br>

ScopeController.java

@Controller
public class ScopeController {
    @RequestMapping("/testSession")
    public String testSession(HttpSession session) {
        session.setAttribute("testSessionScope","hello,session");
        return "success";
    }
}

success.html

<p th:text="${session.testSessionScope}"></p>

5.4、向application域共享数据

index.html

<a th:href="@{/testApplication}">通过ServletAPI向application域对象共享数据</a><br>

ScopeController.java

@Controller
public class ScopeController {
    @RequestMapping("/testApplication")
    public String testApplication(HttpSession session) {
        ServletContext application = session.getServletContext();
        application.setAttribute("testApplicationScope","hello,application");
        return "success";
    }
}

success.html

<p th:text="${application.testApplicationScope}"></p>

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值