VMware安装centos7.2后配置网络并设置固定ip

开始接触centos7，目前公司用的还是centos6.8，不过最近要接触docker，docker需要centos的内核是3.10以上，而且看到centos7也开始普及，就也试着学习接触centos7吧。感觉区别还是挺明显的。安装后第一步应该就是配置上网吧。

查看本机ip（非必须）

1、按照习惯先看下本机ip， 熟悉的命令是ifconfig，但会如下：

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
-bash: /usr/sbin/ifconfig: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost ~]# 

2、说明centos没有默认的ifconfig这个命令了，查了下可以使用ip addr， 如下：

[root@localhost ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:02:0e:ce brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.2.4/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eno16777736
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe02:ece/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

配置网络并设置固定ip

1、这个时候是没有网的，想yum安装各种命令组件是不行的，所以要先配置网络,还是熟悉的老地方：

[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ 
ifcfg-eno16777736  ifdown-eth   ifdown-post    ifdown-tunnel  ifup-eth   ifup-plip   ifup-routes    init.ipv6-global
ifcfg-lo           ifdown-ippp  ifdown-ppp     ifup           ifup-ippp  ifup-plusb  ifup-sit       network-functions
ifdown             ifdown-ipv6  ifdown-routes  ifup-aliases   ifup-ipv6  ifup-post   ifup-tunnel    network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-bnep        ifdown-isdn  ifdown-sit     ifup-bnep      ifup-isdn  ifup-ppp    ifup-wireless

没有了centos的ifcfg-eth0，对应的是ifcfg-eno16777736，修改如下

vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736 
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=eno16777736
UUID=892fa522-eee6-4894-bb78-fa4b5066da54
DEVICE=eno16777736
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.2.4
GATEWAY=192.168.2.1
DNS=119.29.29.29
DNS1=114.114.114.114

注意：IPADDR,GATEWAY需要和你的宿主机的ip段一致，用的是桥接模式

2、保存并重启网络

[root@localhost ~]# service network restart
Restarting network (via systemctl):                        [  OK  ]
[root@localhost ~]# 

测试网络

1、通过ping 百度的方式看网络是否通，域名解析是否可用，如下：

[root@localhost ~]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (14.215.177.38) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 14.215.177.38: icmp_seq=1 ttl=55 time=10.5 ms
64 bytes from 14.215.177.38: icmp_seq=2 ttl=55 time=15.7 ms
64 bytes from 14.215.177.38: icmp_seq=3 ttl=55 time=14.5 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 10.534/13.601/15.765/2.228 ms
[root@localhost ~]#

安装ifconfig命令

1、不是yum -y install ifconfig 噢, 是 yum -y install net-tools.x86_64

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
-bash: /usr/sbin/ifconfig: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install net-tools.x86_64
已加载插件：fastestmirror
base                                                                                                                                  | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
docker-ce-stable                                                                                                                      | 3.5 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                               | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 net-tools.x86_64.0.2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决
...

查看本机ip

1、这下可以使用ifconfig查看本机ip了，可以看到ip是上面配置的192.168.2.4

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        inet6 fe80::42:c9ff:fefc:c2af  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 02:42:c9:fc:c2:af  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 10  bytes 732 (732.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

eno16777736: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.2.4  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.2.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe02:ece  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:02:0e:ce  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1521  bytes 456967 (446.2 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 881  bytes 136743 (133.5 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 16  bytes 1344 (1.3 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 16  bytes 1344 (1.3 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

结束语：环境搭建配置之类的状况千万种，我没遇到的状况不代表没问题，如遇其他问题，可以贴出来一起探讨，谢谢。