一:Lambada表达式的结构
1)Lambada表达式的结构我们可以看成三部分 () -> {},箭头左边是参数,右边是执行体,箭头是格式
二:使用案例(List为主的操作)
1)实体对象
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Student {
private String idCard;
private String name;
private int age;
private int sex;
}
2)案例数据准备
public class LambadaTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Student> list = new ArrayList(); //此处要加泛型,后面过滤时要使用get方法
list.add(new Student("1001","张三",18,0));
list.add(new Student("1002","李四",19,1));
list.add(new Student("1003","王五",20,1));
list.add(new Student("1004","王小二",21,0));
list.add(new Student("1005","李处",22,1));
}
}
3)forEach的使用(::说明:前面是对象的类型,后面是方法,表示的是方法的调用)遍历
list.forEach(System.out::println); //简写
list.forEach((student)->System.out.println(student)); //套公式
打印结果
Student(idCard=1001, name=张三, age=18, sex=0)
Student(idCard=1002, name=李四, age=19, sex=1)
Student(idCard=1003, name=王五, age=20, sex=1)
Student(idCard=1004, name=王小二, age=21, sex=0)
Student(idCard=1005, name=李处, age=22, sex=1)
4)filter的使用(过滤)
List<Student> students = list.stream().filter((student) -> student.getAge() > 20).filter(student -> student.getSex()==1).collect(Collectors.toList()); //过滤两种条件
System.err.println(students);
打印结果
[Student(idCard=1005, name=李处, age=22, sex=1)]
5)limit的用法(取出前面几个值)
List<Student> students = list.stream().limit(4).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.err.println(students);
打印结果
[Student(idCard=1001, name=张三, age=18, sex=0), Student(idCard=1002, name=李四, age=19, sex=1), Student(idCard=1003, name=王五, age=20, sex=1), Student(idCard=1004, name=王小二, age=21, sex=0)]
6)skip的用法(跳过前面的几个值)
List<Student> students = list.stream().skip(2).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.err.println(students);
打印结果
[Student(idCard=1003, name=王五, age=20, sex=1), Student(idCard=1004, name=王小二, age=21, sex=0), Student(idCard=1005, name=李处, age=22, sex=1)]
7)取出某一属性的集合(map的使用)(两种方式都可以返回同样结果)
List<String> students = list.stream().map(**Student::getIdCard**).collect(Collectors.toList()); //此处泛型的类型要匹配返回的集合类型
List<String> students = list.stream().map(**student->student.getIdCard()**).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.err.println(students);
返回结果
[1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005]
8)reduce的使用(计算之和)(过滤条件中不能使用::)
Integer count = list.stream().map(Student::getAge).reduce(Integer::sum).orElse(0);
Integer integer = list.stream().filter(student -> student.getAge() > 20).map(Student::getAge).reduce(Integer::sum).orElse(0); //过滤之后使用计算
System.err.println(count);
System.err.println(integer);
打印结果
100
43
9)maxBy(取出最大的)
Student student = list.stream().collect(Collectors.maxBy(Comparator.comparing(Student::getAge))).orElse(null);
System.err.println(student);
打印结果
Student(idCard=1005, name=李处, age=22, sex=1)
10)averagingDouble(计算平均值)
Double collect = list.stream().collect(Collectors.averagingDouble(Student::getAge));
System.err.println(collect);
打印结果
20.0
11)toMap的用法:list转为map集合
Map<String, String> collect = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Student::getIdCard, Student::getName));
System.err.println(collect);
打印结果
{1005=李处, 1004=王小二, 1003=王五, 1002=李四, 1001=张三}
12)sorted 排序
List<Student> collect = list.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparing(Student::getAge)).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.err.println(collect);
打印结果
[Student(idCard=1001, name=张三, age=18, sex=0), Student(idCard=1002, name=李四, age=19, sex=1), Student(idCard=1003, name=王五, age=20, sex=1), Student(idCard=1004, name=王小二, age=21, sex=0), Student(idCard=1005, name=李处, age=22, sex=1)]
13)count的用法(集合的个数)
long count = list.stream().count();
System.err.println(count); //5
14)allMatch的用法(全部都是,返回的布尔值)
boolean b = list.stream().allMatch(student -> student.getSex() == 0);
System.err.println(b); //false
三:使用案例2(Map为主的操作)
1)数据准备
public class LambadaTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("A","100");
map.put("B","101");
map.put("C","102");
map.put("D","103");
map.put("E","104");
map.put("F","105");
}
}
2)取值
//未使用Lambada前
Set<String> set = map.keySet();
for (String str:set) {
Object o = map.get(str);
System.err.println(str);
System.err.println(o);
}
//使用之后
map.forEach((k,v)-> {
System.err.println(k);
System.err.println(v);
});
打印结果一致
100
A
101
B
102
C
103
D
104
E
105
F
四:扩展(集合与集合之间赋值)
1)数据准备(增加Student2 类)
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Student2 {
private String idCard;
private String name;
}
2)未使用Lambada和使用的方式
//未使用Lambada表达式
ArrayList<Student2> student2s = new ArrayList<>();
for (Student student: list) {
Student2 student2 = new Student2();
student2.setName(student.getName());
student2.setIdCard(student.getIdCard());
student2s.add(student2);
}
System.err.println(student2s);
//使用Lambada表达式
List<Student2> collect = list.stream().map(student -> {
Student2 student2 = new Student2();
//BeanUtils.copyProperties(student,student2); //这一步可以使用工具类替换赋值
student2.setName(student.getName());
student2.setIdCard(student.getIdCard());
return student2;
}).collect(Collectors.toList());
System.err.println(collect);
打印结果一致
[Student2(idCard=1001, name=张三), Student2(idCard=1002, name=李四), Student2(idCard=1003, name=王五), Student2(idCard=1004, name=王小二), Student2(idCard=1005, name=李处)]