小白带你学习Tomcat的基础

目录

一、概述

二、安装

​编辑

三、目录结构

四、配置文件

五、多tomcat服务部署

1、部署

2、命令优化

3、端口号修改

4、修改访问页面

六、虚拟主机

1、基于不同的域名

2、基于不同的端口

---

一、概述

Tomcat 服务器是一个免费的开放源代码的Web 应用服务器，属于轻量级应用服务器，在中小型系统和并发访问用户不是很多的场合下被普遍使用，是开发和调试JSP 程序的首选。

Tomcat虚拟主机是通过linux或windows操作系统下进行独立运行的一个网站发布容器，他是一

种在单一主机或主机群上，实现多网域服务的方法，可以运行多个网站或服务的技术。

默认监听端口       8080/tcp

二、安装

基础配置

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

sed -i "/s/ONBOOT=no/ONBOOT=yes/" /etc/sysconfig/networ-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

systemctl restart network

java环境   

 java -version

没有环境

yum groupinstall "开发工具" 

下载JDK软件包

tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz

mv  apache-tomcat-8.5.16 /usr/local/tomcat

移动完成后进入    

cd /usr/local/tomcat8

三、目录结构

bin        命令

logs      日志

conf      配置文件

webapps     应用程序目录

ROOT          访问首页

 host-manager         主机管理后台页面

manager        管理后台页面

启停

命令优化

1、启动命令

 2、暂停命令

ln -s /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/startup.sh /usr/local/bin/btomcat

ln -s /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh /usr/local/bin/stomcat

启动tomcat        tmstart

停止tomcat     stomcat

查看运行状态    netstat -anptu | grep java

 外部访问一下网关查看192.168.28.123

四、配置文件

做一个备份、

创建一个目录，里面输入内容访问

 

server.xml 

注释

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note:  A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
     define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
     Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
 -->
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
  <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
  -->
  <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
  <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

  <!-- Global JNDI resources
       Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
  -->
  <GlobalNamingResources>
    <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
         UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
    -->
    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
  </GlobalNamingResources>

  <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
       a single "Container" Note:  A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
       so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
       Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
   -->
  <Service name="Catalina">

    <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
    <!--
    <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
        maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
    -->

    <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
         and responses are returned. Documentation at :
         Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html
         Java AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
         APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
         Define a non-SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
    -->
    <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
    <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
    <!--
    <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
               port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
    -->
    <!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
         This connector uses the NIO implementation. The default
         SSLImplementation will depend on the presence of the APR/native
         library and the useOpenSSL attribute of the
         AprLifecycleListener.
         Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used regardless of
         the SSLImplementation selected. JSSE style configuration is used below.
    -->
    <!--
    <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
               maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true">
        <SSLHostConfig>
            <Certificate certificateKeystoreFile="conf/localhost-rsa.jks"
                         type="RSA" />
        </SSLHostConfig>
    </Connector>
    -->
    <!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 with HTTP/2
         This connector uses the APR/native implementation which always uses
         OpenSSL for TLS.
         Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used. OpenSSL style
         configuration is used below.
    -->
    <!--
    <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
               maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" >
        <UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" />
        <SSLHostConfig>
            <Certificate certificateKeyFile="conf/localhost-rsa-key.pem"
                         certificateFile="conf/localhost-rsa-cert.pem"
                         certificateChainFile="conf/localhost-rsa-chain.pem"
                         type="RSA" />
        </SSLHostConfig>
    </Connector>
    -->

    <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
    <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

    <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
         every request.  The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
         analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
         on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
         Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->

    <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
    -->
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">

      <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
          /docs/cluster-howto.html  (simple how to)
          /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
      <!--
      <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
      -->

      <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
           via a brute-force attack -->
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
        <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
             resources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any edits
             that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
             available for use by the Realm.  -->
        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
      </Realm>

      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

        <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
        <!--
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
        -->

        <!-- Access log processes all example.
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
             Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>
 

Server

                 port

                shutdown

Listener

GlobalNamingResources

Service

                Connector

                         port

                         protocol

                         connectionTimeout

                         redirectPort

                 Engine

                         name

                          defaultHost

                          Host

                                             name

                                             appBase

                                             unpackWARs

                                             autoDeploy

Context

              docBase

               path

tomcat-users.xml 

 进去之后注释掉图中两块

web.xml 

五、多tomcat服务部署

1、部署

tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz

mv  apache-tomcat-8.5.16 /usr/local/tomcat8_1

 进入此目录修改端口号

2、命令优化

ln -s /usr/local/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh /usr/local/bin/tmstart

ln -s /usr/local/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh /usr/local/bin/tmstop

3、端口号修改

server            port

connector            port

                             redirectport

4、修改访问页面

 进入ROOT里面

 拷贝一份在修改

vim  /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp

<%

out.println("tomcat");

%>

格式如下

 改完之后外部访问

六、虚拟主机

1、基于不同的域名

进入conf文件 查看文件

开始的样子

复制Host字段          <Host></Host>

修改不同Host的name属性，改为不同的域名

修改webapps指定为不同的访问路径

修改日志名称

创建访问目录及首页

mkdir   /usr/local/tomcat1/jx1/ROOT -p

 主机内输入号

vim index.jsp

2、基于不同的端口

复制Service字段        <Service></Service>

修改Service的name属性

修改Engine的name属性

修改Host的name及appbase属性

修改日志名称

端口号修改

service            port

connector

                        port

                        redirectport

在webapps1中创建ROOT目录并写入首页

                       mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/webapps1/ROOT  

                       vim index.jsp

拓展增加访问虚拟目录设置

第一步

 第二步

 第三步

 第四步

 第五步

 

改完配置重新启动一下