如何创建 线程池（4个内置 和一个自定义）

创建线程和销毁线程会消耗资源。所以创建一个线程池是有必要的。

创建固定数量的线程池

/**
 * 创建固定数量的线程池
 * @author liyiruo
 */
public class TestNewFixedThreadPool {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService fixedThreadPool = newFixedThreadPool(5);
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            final int index = i;
            fixedThreadPool.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(10);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + index);
            });
        }
        fixedThreadPool.shutdown();
    }
}

创建可变大小的线程池

/**
 * @author liyiruo
 */
public class TestNewCachedThreadPool {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService cachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        //使用for循环创建线程，其实最终 只使用了一个线程。
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

            final int index = i;
            try {
                Thread.sleep(10);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            cachedThreadPool.execute(() -> {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + index);
            });
        }
        cachedThreadPool.shutdown();
    }
}

创建一个只有一个线程的线程池

/**
 * 创建单一的线程
 * @author liyiruo
 */
public class TestNewSingleThreadExecutor {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService singleThreadExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            final int index = i;
            singleThreadExecutor.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + index);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
        }
    }
}

创建一个支持定时或者是周期性执行任务的线程池

/**
 * 定时执行的线程
 * @author liyiruo
 */
public class TestNewScheduledThreadPool {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ScheduledExecutorService scheduledThreadPool
                = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(3);
        System.out.println("开始："+System.currentTimeMillis());
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            final int index = i;
            scheduledThreadPool.schedule(() -> {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "==>" + index);
            }, 2L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        }
        scheduledThreadPool.shutdown();
    }
}

自定义一个线程池

/**
 * 参数最全的线程池
 * @author liyiruo
 */
public class TestThreadPoolExecutor {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int corePoolSize=30;//核心线程数
        int maximumPoolSize=100;//最大线程数
        long keepAliveTime=60L;//空闲线程存活时间 （空闲线程是指 核心线程之外的线程）
        TimeUnit unit = TimeUnit.SECONDS;
        BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue =new SynchronousQueue();//
        BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue1 =new LinkedBlockingDeque<>();//
        ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactory() {
            @Override
            public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
                return new Thread(r);
            }
        };//指定创建线程的工厂
        RejectedExecutionHandler handle = new  ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy();//抛弃当前线程，
        RejectedExecutionHandler handle1 = new  ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy();//抛出RejectedExecutorException异常
        RejectedExecutionHandler handle2 = new  ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy();//由向线程池提交任务的线程来执行该任务
        RejectedExecutionHandler handle3 = new  ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy();//抛弃最旧线程

        //这个是最齐全的线程池的构造参数
        ThreadPoolExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
                corePoolSize,
                maximumPoolSize,
                keepAliveTime,
                unit,
                workQueue,
                threadFactory,
                handle);
        executor.execute(()->{
            System.out.println("这是一个线程池");
        });
    }
}