【嵌入式】串口：I2C-EEPROM应用

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-17 07:24:22 发布

l5799

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-17 07:24:22 发布

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文章标签：嵌入式硬件单片机

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/l5799/article/details/124419926

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1. 查看i2c源代码

smbus_write_quick命令功能：发送一个读写位给设备

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_quick(int file, __u8 value)
{
	return i2c_smbus_access(file,value,0,I2C_SMBUS_QUICK,NULL);
}

smbus接收字节函数：i2c_smbus_read_byte()

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_byte(int file)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,0,I2C_SMBUS_BYTE,&data))
		return -1;
	else
		return 0x0FF & data.byte;
}

smbus发送字节函数：i2c_smbus_write_byte()

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_byte(int file)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,0,I2C_SMBUS_BYTE,&data))
		return -1;
	else
		return 0x0FF & data.byte;
}

smbus读取字节函数：i2c_smbus_read_byte_data()

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_byte(int file)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,0,I2C_SMBUS_BYTE,&data))
		return -1;
	else
		return 0x0FF & data.byte;
}

smbus读取字（两字节）函数：i2c_smbus_read_word_data()

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_word_data(int file, __u8 command)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,command,
	                     I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA,&data))
		return -1;
	else
		return 0x0FFFF & data.word;
}

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(int file, __u8 command)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,command,
	                     I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA,&data))
		return -1;
	else
		return 0x0FF & data.byte;
}

smbus写字节函数：i2c_smbus_write_byte_data()

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(int file, __u8 command, 
                                              __u8 value)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	data.byte = value;
	return i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,
	                        I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA, &data);
}

SMBus写字（两字节）函数：i2c_smbus_write_word_data()

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_word_data(int file, __u8 command, 
                                              __u16 value)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	data.word = value;
	return i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,
	                        I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA, &data);
}

字的写读过程调用：smbus Process Call

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_process_call(int file, __u8 command, __u16 value)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	data.word = value;
	if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,
	                     I2C_SMBUS_PROC_CALL,&data))
		return -1;
	else
		return 0x0FFFF & data.word;
}

smbus（Block Read）读块数据：i2c_smbus_read_block_data()

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_block_data(int file, __u8 command, 
                                              __u8 *values)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	int i;
	if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,command,
	                     I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_DATA,&data))
		return -1;
	else {
		for (i = 1; i <= data.block[0]; i++)
			values[i-1] = data.block[i];
		return data.block[0];
	}
}

smbus（Block Write）写块数据： i2c_smbus_write_block_data()

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_block_data(int file, __u8 command, 
                                               __u8 length, __u8 *values)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	int i;
	if (length > 32)
		length = 32;
	for (i = 1; i <= length; i++)
		data.block[i] = values[i-1];
	data.block[0] = length;
	return i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,
	                        I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_DATA, &data);
}

I2C读块数据（I2C Block Read）：i2c_smbus_read_i2c_block_data()

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_i2c_block_data(int file, __u8 command,
                                                  __u8 *values)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	int i;
	if (i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_READ,command,
	                      I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_DATA,&data))
		return -1;
	else {
		for (i = 1; i <= data.block[0]; i++)
			values[i-1] = data.block[i];
		return data.block[0];
	}
}

I2C写块数据

static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_i2c_block_data(int file, __u8 command,
                                               __u8 length, __u8 *values)
{
	union i2c_smbus_data data;
	int i;
	if (length > 32)
		length = 32;
	for (i = 1; i <= length; i++)
		data.block[i] = values[i-1];
	data.block[0] = length;
	return i2c_smbus_access(file,I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,command,
	                        I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_DATA, &data);
}

产生总线起始信号

int eeprom_open(char *dev_fqn, int addr, int type, struct eeprom* e)
{
	int funcs, fd, r;
	e->fd = e->addr = 0;
	e->dev = 0;
	
	fd = open(dev_fqn, O_RDWR);
	if(fd <= 0)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Error eeprom_open: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}

	// get funcs list
	if((r = ioctl(fd, I2C_FUNCS, &funcs) < 0))
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Error eeprom_open: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}

	
	// check for req funcs
	CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_BYTE );
	CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_BYTE );
	CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_BYTE_DATA );
	CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_BYTE_DATA );
	CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_WORD_DATA );
	CHECK_I2C_FUNC( funcs, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_WORD_DATA );

	// set working device
	if( ( r = ioctl(fd, I2C_SLAVE, addr)) < 0)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Error eeprom_open: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}
	e->fd = fd;
	e->addr = addr;
	e->dev = dev_fqn;
	e->type = type;
	return 0;
}

产生总线停止信号

int eeprom_close(struct eeprom *e)
{
	close(e->fd);
	e->fd = -1;
	e->dev = 0;
	e->type = EEPROM_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
	return 0;
}

I2C 总线写操作

int eeprom_24c32_write_byte(struct eeprom *e, __u16 mem_addr, __u8 data)
{
	__u8 buf[3] = { (mem_addr >> 8) & 0x00ff, mem_addr & 0x00ff, data };
	return i2c_write_3b(e, buf);
}

I2C 总线读操作

int eeprom_24c32_read_byte(struct eeprom* e, __u16 mem_addr)
{
	int r;
	ioctl(e->fd, BLKFLSBUF); // clear kernel read buffer
	__u8 buf[2] = { (mem_addr >> 8) & 0x0ff, mem_addr & 0x0ff };
	r = i2c_write_2b(e, buf);
	if (r < 0)
		return r;
	r = i2c_smbus_read_byte(e->fd);
	return r;
}

读字节判别数据

int eeprom_read_byte(struct eeprom* e, __u16 mem_addr)
{
	int r;
	ioctl(e->fd, BLKFLSBUF); // clear kernel read buffer
	if(e->type == EEPROM_TYPE_8BIT_ADDR)
	{
		__u8 buf =  mem_addr & 0x0ff;
		r = i2c_write_1b(e, buf);
	} else if(e->type == EEPROM_TYPE_16BIT_ADDR) {
		__u8 buf[2] = { (mem_addr >> 8) & 0x0ff, mem_addr & 0x0ff };
		r = i2c_write_2b(e, buf);
	} else {
		fprintf(stderr, "ERR: unknown eeprom type\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (r < 0)
		return r;
	r = i2c_smbus_read_byte(e->fd);
	return r;
}

写字节判别数据

int eeprom_write_byte(struct eeprom *e, __u16 mem_addr, __u8 data)
{
	if(e->type == EEPROM_TYPE_8BIT_ADDR) {
		__u8 buf[2] = { mem_addr & 0x00ff, data };
		return i2c_write_2b(e, buf);
	} else if(e->type == EEPROM_TYPE_16BIT_ADDR) {
		__u8 buf[3] = 
			{ (mem_addr >> 8) & 0x00ff, mem_addr & 0x00ff, data };
		return i2c_write_3b(e, buf);
	} 
	fprintf(stderr, "ERR: unknown eeprom type\n");
	return -1;
}

在这里插入图片描述

2. 编译并在Ubuntu中运行``

使用make通过Makefile文件直接编译

make
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -c -o eeprog.o eeprog.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -c -o 24cXX.o 24cXX.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -Wall -O2 -o i2c eeprog.o 24cXX.o

改变makefile环境变量

#linux_ubuntu180.4
export ARCH=arm
export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf-
export PATH=$PATH:/home/suliu/qemu/100ask_imx6ull-qemu/ToolChain/gcc-linaro-6.2.1-2016.11-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/binbash
make

#qemu_imx6ul
./i2c -r
./i2c -w

3. 思考题

1. i2c总线的优点

只使用两根电线
支持多个主服务器和多个从服务器
ACK / NACK位确认每个帧都已成功传输
硬件没有UART那么复杂
众所周知且广泛使用的协议

2. I2C总线的启动信号和结束信号的特点

I2C总线在传送数据过程中共有三种类型信号，它们分别是：开始信号、结束信号和应答信号。开始信号：SCL为高电平时，SDA由高电平向低电平跳变，开始传送数据。结束信号：SCL为高电平时，SDA由低电平向高电平跳变，结束传送数据。应答信号：接收数据的IC在接收到8bit数据后，向发送数据的IC发出特定的低电平脉冲，表示已收到数据。 CPU向受控单元发出一个信号后，等待受控单元发出一个应答信号，CPU接收到应答信号后，根据实际情况作出是否继续传递信号的判断。

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【嵌入式】串口：I2C-EEPROM应用

1. 查看i2c源代码smbus_write_quick命令功能：发送一个读写位给设备static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_write_quick(int file, __u8 value){ return i2c_smbus_access(file,value,0,I2C_SMBUS_QUICK,NULL);}smbus接收字节函数：i2c_smbus_read_byte()static inline __s32 i2c_smbus_read_byte(int fil
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