以下内容的学习资源:
黑马程序员JavaWeb开发教程,实现javaweb企业开发全流程(涵盖Spring+MyBatis+SpringMVC+SpringBoot等)
1. springboot入门程序撰写并启动
- 在谷歌浏览器输入
http://localhost:8080/hello
- 控制台返回
Hello World!
2. 使用postman练习参数的获取
2.1 简单参数
package com.wxw.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
//测试请求参数接收
@RestController
public class RequestController {
//springboot方式
@RequestMapping("/simpleParam")
public String simpleParam(String name, Integer age){
System.out.println(name+ ":" + age);
return "OK";
}
//@RequestParam注解方式
// @RequestMapping("/simpleParam")
// public String simpleParam(@RequestParam(name = "name", required = false) String username, Integer age){
// System.out.println(username+ ":" + age);
// return "OK";
// }
}
- springboot方式
@RequestMapping("/simpleParam")
public String simpleParam(String name, Integer age){
System.out.println(name+ ":" + age);
return "OK";
}
点击send:
参数获取成功:
- @RequestParam注解方式
@RequestMapping("/simpleParam")
public String simpleParam(@RequestParam(name = "name", required = false) String username, Integer age){
System.out.println(username+ ":" + age);
return "OK";
}
postman界面:
参数获取成功:
2.2 实体参数
简单实体对象
简单实体对象:请求参数名与形参对象属性名相同,定义POJO接受即可
User.java代码
package com.wxw.pojo;
public class User {
private String name;
private Integer age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}
RequestController.java代码
package com.wxw.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.wxw.pojo.User;
//测试请求参数接收
@RestController
public class RequestController {
//springboot方式
// @RequestMapping("/simpleParam")
// public String simpleParam(String name, Integer age){
// System.out.println(name+ ":" + age);
// return "OK";
// }
//@RequestParam注解方式
@RequestMapping("/simpleParam")
public String simpleParam(@RequestParam(name = "name", required = false) String username, Integer age){
System.out.println(username+ ":" + age);
return "OK";
}
//2. 实体参数
//简单实体参数
@RequestMapping("/simplePojo")
public String simplePojo(User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "OK";
}
}
复杂实体对象
//复杂实体参数
@RequestMapping("/complexPojo")
public String complexPojo(User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "OK";
}
Address.java
package com.wxw.pojo;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
public class Address {
private String province;
private String city;
public String getProvince() {
return province;
}
public void setProvince(String province) {
this.province = province;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address{" +
"province='" + province + '\'' +
", city='" + city + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
User.java
package com.wxw.pojo;
public class User {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Address address;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", address=" + address +
'}';
}
}
封装成功
2.3 数组集合参数
- 数组参数:请求参数名与形参数组名称相同且请求参数为多个,定义数组类型形参即可接收参数。
//3. 数组集合参数
//数组参数
@RequestMapping("/arrayParam")
public String arrayParam(String[] hobby){
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(hobby));
return "OK";
}
- 集合参数:请求参数名与形参集合名称相同且请求参数为多个,
@RequestParam
绑定参数关系
//集合参数
@RequestMapping("/listParam")
public String listParam(@RequestParam List<String> hobby){
System.out.println(hobby);
return "OK";
}
2.4 日期参数
- 日期参数:使用
@DateTimeFormat
注解完成日期参数格式转换
//4. 日期时间参数
@RequestMapping("/dateParam")
public String dateTime(@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") LocalDateTime updateTime){
System.out.println(updateTime);
return "OK";
}
2.5 Json参数
- Json参数:Json数据键名与形参对象属性名相同,定义POJO类型形参即可接受参数,需要使用
@RequestBody
标识
//5. json参数
@RequestMapping("/jsonParam")
public String jsonParam(@RequestBody User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "OK";
}
2.6 路径参数
- 路径参数:通过URL直接传递参数,使用{…}来标识该路径参数,需要使用
@PathVariable
获取路径参数
//6. 路径参数
// 单个参数
@RequestMapping("/path/{id}")
public String pathParam(@PathVariable Integer id){
System.out.println(id);
return "OK";
}
// 多个参数
@RequestMapping("/path/{id}/{name}")
public String pathParam2(@PathVariable Integer id, @PathVariable String name){
System.out.println(id + " : " + name);
return "OK";
}
3. 前端页面向后端发送数据,并且将页面信息发送到服务端
3.1 product.html
的操作代码,输入产品名称和价格,点击“增加商品”按钮,页面返回“ok”。服务台返回用户输入的值。
- 在谷歌浏览器输入
localhost:8080/product.html
- 输入内容
- 点击
增加商品
按钮,页面返回OK
- 控制台返回用户输入的值
相关代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Product</title>
</head>
<body style="font-size: 30px">
<form action="addProduct">
产品名称 :<input type="text" name="name" value=""><br />
产品价格: <input type="text" name="price" value=""><br />
<input type="submit" value="增加商品">
<br><br><br><br>test2,addProduct1 ,productResult.html
</form>
</body>
</html>
package com.wxw.pojo;
public class Product {
private String name;
private float price;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public float getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(float price) {
this.price = price;
}
}
package com.wxw.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.wxw.pojo.Product;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
@RestController
public class ProductController {
@RequestMapping("/addProduct1")
public String simpleParam1(HttpServletRequest request) {
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String ageStr = request.getParameter("price");
int price = Integer.parseInt(ageStr);
System.out.println("addProduct1:"+name + " : " + price);
return "OK";
}
@RequestMapping("/addProduct")
public String simpleParam(String name , Integer price){
System.out.println("您输入的信息是:"+name+" : "+price);
return "OK";
}
@RequestMapping("/addProduct2")
public String simpleParam2(Product product){
System.out.println(product);
return "OK";
}
}
3.2 尝试将之前的注册页面的信息发送到服务端
- 在谷歌浏览器输入
http://localhost:8080/input.html
- 输入信息
- 点击
提交
按钮
- 控制台返回输入的值
相关代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Input</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="output" method="post">
<label for="sss">用户名:</label>
<input type="text" name="username" id="sss"><br>
<label for="ccc">密码:</label>
<input type="password" name="password" id="ccc"><br>
性别:
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="男" id="male">
<label for="male">男</label>
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="女" id="female">
<label for="female">女</label>
<br>
爱好:
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="旅游">旅游
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="电影">电影
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="游戏">游戏
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="音乐">音乐
<br>
城市:
<select name="city">
<option value="北京">北京</option>
<option value="上海">上海</option>
<option value="广州">广州</option>
<option value="武汉">武汉</option>
</select>
<br>
<br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
package com.wxw.pojo;
public class Input {
private String username;
private String password;
private String gender;
private String city;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Input{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
", city='" + city + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
package com.wxw.controller;
import com.wxw.pojo.Input;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Arrays;
@RestController
public class InputController {
@RequestMapping("/output")
public String simpleParam(Input input,String[] hobby){
System.out.println(input);
System.out.println("爱好为:"+Arrays.toString(hobby));
return "OK";
}
}