JavaWeb07_ServletContext

JavaWeb_ServletContext 上下文对象

web容器在启动是，它会为每个web程序都建立一个对应的servletContext对象，它代表了当前的web应用；

1. 共享数据

hello.class里将username传入服务器的ServletContext中

@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

    ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
    Object obj = context.getAttribute("username");

    resp.setContentType("text/html");
    resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
    resp.getWriter().print("名字为"+obj.toString());

}

在get.class中调用服务器ServletContext中的数据，得注意，hello没有运行，那么服务器中的数据上传，先运行get会报错

@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
    System.out.println("Hello,王大帅！");


    /**
         * 将一个数据宝尊在了ServletContext中，名字为username
         */
    //this表示HttpServlet以及其父类包含的方法
    ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
    String username = "建圣"; //数据，也可以是对象
    context.setAttribute("username",username);//设置一个键值对


}

index.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
         http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0"
         metadata-complete="true">
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Hello</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.wjs.Servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Hello</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>getServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.wjs.Servlet.getServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>getServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/get</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

2.获取初始化参数

//配置初始化参数
<context-param>
    <param-name>url</param-name>
    <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
</context-param>


<servlet>
    <servlet-name>demo03</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.wjs.Servlet.ServletDemo03</servlet-class>
</servlet>
//映射
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>demo03</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/gc</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

/**
*查询初始化参数
*/

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

    //获取context
    ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
    //查询初始化参数
    String url = context.getInitParameter("url");

    resp.getWriter().print(url);

    resp.setContentType("text/html");
    resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

}

3.请求转发

ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();

//请求转发，将当前页面转发到指定的/gp页面下
//RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = context.getRequestDispatcher("/gp");
//requestDispatcher.forward(req,resp);
context.getRequestDispatcher("/gp").forward(req,resp);

4.读取资源文件

Properties

• 在resources目录下创建properties
• 在java目录下创建properties
  • 在java下创建，由于maven的约定大于配置，里面的properties文件无法导出，需要加入build代码，网上看

发现：都被打包到了同一个路径下：classes，我们俗称为classPath

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

    Properties properties = new Properties();
    //因为外部服务器锁定不了绝地地址
    //properties.load(new FileReader(""));

    ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
    //获取字节流的方法,默认主
    InputStream in = context.getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/db.properties");
    properties.load(in);

    resp.getWriter().print(properties.getProperty("username"));

    //加了反而乱码
    //        resp.setContentType("text/html");
    //        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

}

username = 王建圣
password = 123456

context.getResourceAsStream默认的文件夹位置在项目servlet的snapshot(简介)