今天演示一下Gin+Gateway+Fabric2.4.4结合，从区块账本抓取数据显示到前端。
前提环境：Gin，Gateway，Fabric2.4.4环境。
如何部署Fabric2.4.4环境看我这篇博客：指路：fabric2.4.4版本搭建过程（完整过程）_keep_top的博客-CSDN博客_fabric 搭建
首先，我摸看一下gin的模板：
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)
type Stu struct {
Name string `form:"name"`
Id string `form:"id"`
Age string `form:"age"`
}
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
var stu Stu
r1 := r.Group("/fabric2.4")
r1.POST("/setstu", func(c *gin.Context) {
//var stu Stu
c.ShouldBind(&stu)
c.JSON(200, stu)
fmt.Println("stu:", stu)
})
r1.POST("/ok1", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.JSON(200, "ok1")
})
r.Run(":8080") // 监听并在 0.0.0.0:8080 上启动服务
}
解释一下：
这里定义的结构体Stu，可以表示在前端输入结构体的信息，在后端拿到这个结构体的值，后续我们会定义链码中的结构体，用来获取账本中的数据和前端输入数据存入账本，进行演示。
以下是链码的只要功能部分：
package chaincode
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"github.com/hyperledger/fabric-contract-api-go/contractapi"
)
// SmartContract provides functions for managing an Asset
type SmartContract struct {
contractapi.Contract
}
// Asset describes basic details of what makes up a simple asset
//Insert struct field in alphabetic order => to achieve determinism across languages
// golang keeps the order when marshal to json but doesn't order automatically
type Asset struct {
AppraisedValue int `json:"AppraisedValue"`
Color string `json:"Color"`
ID string `json:"ID"`
Owner string `json:"Owner"`
Size int `json:"Size"`
}
// InitLedger adds a base set of assets to the ledger
func (s *SmartContract) InitLedger(ctx contractapi.TransactionContextInterface) error {
assets := []Asset{
{ID: "asset1", Color: "blue", Size: 5, Owner: "Tomoko", AppraisedValue: 300},
{ID: "asset2", Color: "red", Size: 5, Owner: "Brad", AppraisedValue: 400},
{ID: "asset3", Color: "green", Size: 10, Owner: "Jin Soo", AppraisedValue: 500},
{ID: "asset4", Color: "yellow", Size: 10, Owner: "Max", AppraisedValue: 600},
{ID: "asset5", Color: "black", Size: 15, Owner: "Adriana", AppraisedValue: 700},
{ID: "asset6", Color: "white", Size: 15, Owner: "Michel", AppraisedValue: 800},
}
for _, asset := range assets {
assetJSON, err := json.Marshal(asset)
if err != nil {
return err
}
err = ctx.GetStub().PutState(asset.ID, assetJSON)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("failed to put to world state. %v", err)
}
}
return nil
}
// CreateAsset issues a new asset to the world state with given details.
func (s *SmartContract) CreateAsset(ctx contractapi.TransactionContextInterface, id string, color string, size int, owner string, appraisedValue int) error {
exists, err := s.AssetExists(ctx, id)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if exists {
return fmt.Errorf("the asset %s already exists", id)
}
asset := Asset{
ID: id,
Color: color,
Size: size,
Owner: owner,
AppraisedValue: appraisedValue,
}
assetJSON, err := json.Marshal(asset)
if err != nil {
return err
}
return ctx.GetStub().PutState(id, assetJSON)
}
// ReadAsset returns the asset stored in the world state with given id.
func (s *SmartContract) ReadAsset(ctx contractapi.TransactionContextInterface, id string) (*Asset, error) {
assetJSON, err := ctx.GetStub().GetState(id)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read from world state: %v", err)
}
if assetJSON == nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("the asset %s does not exist", id)
}
var asset Asset
err = json.Unmarshal(assetJSON, &asset)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &asset, nil
}
// UpdateAsset updates an existing asset in the world state with provided parameters.
func (s *SmartContract) UpdateAsset(ctx contractapi.TransactionContextInterface, id string, color string, size int, owner string, appraisedValue int) error {
exists, err := s.AssetExists(ctx, id)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if !exists {
return fmt.Errorf("the asset %s does not exist", id)
}
// overwriting original asset with new asset
asset := Asset{
ID: id,
Color: color,
Size: size,
Owner: owner,
AppraisedValue: appraisedValue,
}
assetJSON, err := json.Marshal(asset)
if err != nil {
return err
}
return ctx.GetStub().PutState(id, assetJSON)
}
// DeleteAsset deletes an given asset from the world state.
func (s *SmartContract) DeleteAsset(ctx contractapi.TransactionContextInterface, id string) error {
exists, err := s.AssetExists(ctx, id)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if !exists {
return fmt.Errorf("the asset %s does not exist", id)
}
return ctx.GetStub().DelState(id)
}
// AssetExists returns true when asset with given ID exists in world state
func (s *SmartContract) AssetExists(ctx contractapi.TransactionContextInterface, id string) (bool, error) {
assetJSON, err := ctx.GetStub().GetState(id)
if err != nil {
return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to read from world state: %v", err)
}
return assetJSON != nil, nil
}
// TransferAsset updates the owner field of asset with given id in world state, and returns the old owner.
func (s *SmartContract) TransferAsset(ctx contractapi.TransactionContextInterface, id string, newOwner string) (string, error) {
asset, err := s.ReadAsset(ctx, id)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
oldOwner := asset.Owner
asset.Owner = newOwner
assetJSON, err := json.Marshal(asset)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
err = ctx.GetStub().PutState(id, assetJSON)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
return oldOwner, nil
}
// GetAllAssets returns all assets found in world state
func (s *SmartContract) GetAllAssets(ctx contractapi.TransactionContextInterface) ([]*Asset, error) {
// range query with empty string for startKey and endKey does an
// open-ended query of all assets in the chaincode namespace.
resultsIterator, err := ctx.GetStub().GetStateByRange("", "")
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
defer resultsIterator.Close()
var assets []*Asset
for resultsIterator.HasNext() {
queryResponse, err := resultsIterator.Next()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
var asset Asset
err = json.Unmarshal(queryResponse.Value, &asset)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
assets = append(assets, &asset)
}
return assets, nil
}
这是官方的链码，大家可以在fabric中自己找到。
这里需要把证书文件拉到goland中，注意，因为goland是在宿主机（windows）中的，所以需要在虚拟机中把证书文件拉到window上面：
我们更改路径：
查看虚拟机的ip地址：
这是需要更改的路径：
运行这个go文件：
显示：
连接虚拟机成功了，也就是连接fabric底层成功了！
接下来我们结合一下gin的部分：
首先我们需要导入证书文件：
如果报错了，基本上就是证书文件对不上的原因！注意，fabric网络每次重启后证书文件都会重新生成，所以每次重启了fabric网络，证书文件都需要更换！
贴代码：
package main
import (
"bytes"
"crypto/x509"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"github.com/hyperledger/fabric-gateway/pkg/client"
"github.com/hyperledger/fabric-gateway/pkg/identity"
"google.golang.org/grpc"
"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
"io/ioutil"
"path"
"time"
)
const (
mspID = "Org1MSP"
cryptoPath = "./peerOrganizations/org1.example.com"
certPath = cryptoPath + "/users/User1@org1.example.com/msp/signcerts/cert.pem"
keyPath = cryptoPath + "/users/User1@org1.example.com/msp/keystore/"
tlsCertPath = cryptoPath + "/peers/peer0.org1.example.com/tls/ca.crt"
peerEndpoint = "192.168.136.130:7051"
gatewayPeer = "peer0.org1.example.com"
channelName = "mychannel"
chaincodeName = "basic"
)
type Asset struct {
AppraisedValue int `form:"appraisedValue" json:"appraisedValue" `
Color string `form:"color" json:"color"`
ID string `form:"id" json:"id"`
Owner string `form:"owner" json:"owner"`
Size int `form:"size" json:"size"`
}
func main() {
// The gRPC client connection should be shared by all Gateway connections to this endpoint
clientConnection := newGrpcConnection()
defer clientConnection.Close()
id := newIdentity()
sign := newSign()
// Create a Gateway connection for a specific client identity
gateway, err := client.Connect(
id,
client.WithSign(sign),
client.WithClientConnection(clientConnection),
// Default timeouts for different gRPC calls
client.WithEvaluateTimeout(5*time.Second),
client.WithEndorseTimeout(15*time.Second),
client.WithSubmitTimeout(5*time.Second),
client.WithCommitStatusTimeout(1*time.Minute),
)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
defer gateway.Close()
network := gateway.GetNetwork(channelName)
contract := network.GetContract(chaincodeName)
r := gin.Default()
r1 := r.Group("/fabric2.4")
r1.POST("/CreateAsset", func(c *gin.Context) {
var asset Asset
c.ShouldBind(&asset)
c.JSON(200, asset)
marshal, _ := json.Marshal(asset)
fmt.Println(string(marshal))
fmt.Println("asset:", asset)
})
r1.POST("/GetAllAssets", func(c *gin.Context) {
result := getAllAssets(contract)
c.JSON(200, result)
})
r.Run(":8080") // 监听并在 0.0.0.0:8080 上启动服务
}
// Evaluate a transaction to query ledger state.
func getAllAssets(contract *client.Contract) string {
fmt.Println("Evaluate Transaction: GetAllAssets, function returns all the current assets on the ledger")
evaluateResult, err := contract.EvaluateTransaction("GetAllAssets")
if err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to evaluate transaction: %w", err))
}
result := formatJSON(evaluateResult)
fmt.Printf("*** Result:%s\n", result)
return string(evaluateResult)
}
// newGrpcConnection creates a gRPC connection to the Gateway server.
func newGrpcConnection() *grpc.ClientConn {
certificate, err := loadCertificate(tlsCertPath)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
certPool := x509.NewCertPool()
certPool.AddCert(certificate)
transportCredentials := credentials.NewClientTLSFromCert(certPool, gatewayPeer)
connection, err := grpc.Dial(peerEndpoint, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(transportCredentials))
if err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to create gRPC connection: %w", err))
}
return connection
}
// newIdentity creates a client identity for this Gateway connection using an X.509 certificate.
func newIdentity() *identity.X509Identity {
certificate, err := loadCertificate(certPath)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
id, err := identity.NewX509Identity(mspID, certificate)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return id
}
func loadCertificate(filename string) (*x509.Certificate, error) {
certificatePEM, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filename)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read certificate file: %w", err)
}
return identity.CertificateFromPEM(certificatePEM)
}
// newSign creates a function that generates a digital signature from a message digest using a private key.
func newSign() identity.Sign {
files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(keyPath)
if err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to read private key directory: %w", err))
}
privateKeyPEM, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path.Join(keyPath, files[0].Name()))
if err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to read private key file: %w", err))
}
privateKey, err := identity.PrivateKeyFromPEM(privateKeyPEM)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
sign, err := identity.NewPrivateKeySign(privateKey)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return sign
}
// Format JSON data
func formatJSON(data []byte) string {
var prettyJSON bytes.Buffer
if err := json.Indent(&prettyJSON, data, " ", ""); err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to parse JSON: %w", err))
}
return prettyJSON.String()
}
为了方便演示。这里仅仅结合了查询所有信息的功能，如需要结合其他功能可以自己结合：
我们来分析结构：
首先添加Gateway的功能函数：
// newGrpcConnection creates a gRPC connection to the Gateway server.
func newGrpcConnection() *grpc.ClientConn {
certificate, err := loadCertificate(tlsCertPath)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
certPool := x509.NewCertPool()
certPool.AddCert(certificate)
transportCredentials := credentials.NewClientTLSFromCert(certPool, gatewayPeer)
connection, err := grpc.Dial(peerEndpoint, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(transportCredentials))
if err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to create gRPC connection: %w", err))
}
return connection
}
// newIdentity creates a client identity for this Gateway connection using an X.509 certificate.
func newIdentity() *identity.X509Identity {
certificate, err := loadCertificate(certPath)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
id, err := identity.NewX509Identity(mspID, certificate)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return id
}
func loadCertificate(filename string) (*x509.Certificate, error) {
certificatePEM, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filename)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read certificate file: %w", err)
}
return identity.CertificateFromPEM(certificatePEM)
}
// newSign creates a function that generates a digital signature from a message digest using a private key.
func newSign() identity.Sign {
files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(keyPath)
if err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to read private key directory: %w", err))
}
privateKeyPEM, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path.Join(keyPath, files[0].Name()))
if err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to read private key file: %w", err))
}
privateKey, err := identity.PrivateKeyFromPEM(privateKeyPEM)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
sign, err := identity.NewPrivateKeySign(privateKey)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return sign
}
// Format JSON data
func formatJSON(data []byte) string {
var prettyJSON bytes.Buffer
if err := json.Indent(&prettyJSON, data, " ", ""); err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to parse JSON: %w", err))
}
return prettyJSON.String()
}然后在最开始添加常量信息，里面含有fabric的一些基本信息，还有定义asset结构体：
const (
mspID = "Org1MSP"
cryptoPath = "./peerOrganizations/org1.example.com"
certPath = cryptoPath + "/users/User1@org1.example.com/msp/signcerts/cert.pem"
keyPath = cryptoPath + "/users/User1@org1.example.com/msp/keystore/"
tlsCertPath = cryptoPath + "/peers/peer0.org1.example.com/tls/ca.crt"
peerEndpoint = "192.168.136.130:7051"
gatewayPeer = "peer0.org1.example.com"
channelName = "mychannel"
chaincodeName = "basic"
)
type Asset struct {
AppraisedValue int `form:"appraisedValue" json:"appraisedValue" `
Color string `form:"color" json:"color"`
ID string `form:"id" json:"id"`
Owner string `form:"owner" json:"owner"`
Size int `form:"size" json:"size"`
}
在mian函数里首先添加连接Gateway的代码：
（这里注意，如果我们先写的是连接Gateway的代码，表示我们后续都会使用这个用户的身份去连接固定的fabric peer节点进行操作！如果我们想要每次连接使用不同用户身份连接不用的peer节点那么只要按照逻辑改变代码即可）
// The gRPC client connection should be shared by all Gateway connections to this endpoint
clientConnection := newGrpcConnection()
defer clientConnection.Close()
id := newIdentity()
sign := newSign()
// Create a Gateway connection for a specific client identity
gateway, err := client.Connect(
id,
client.WithSign(sign),
client.WithClientConnection(clientConnection),
// Default timeouts for different gRPC calls
client.WithEvaluateTimeout(5*time.Second),
client.WithEndorseTimeout(15*time.Second),
client.WithSubmitTimeout(5*time.Second),
client.WithCommitStatusTimeout(1*time.Minute),
)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
defer gateway.Close()
network := gateway.GetNetwork(channelName)
contract := network.GetContract(chaincodeName)我们再写gin的代码：
r := gin.Default()
r1 := r.Group("/fabric2.4")
r1.POST("/CreateAsset", func(c *gin.Context) {
var asset Asset
c.ShouldBind(&asset)
c.JSON(200, asset)
marshal, _ := json.Marshal(asset)
fmt.Println(string(marshal))
fmt.Println("asset:", asset)
})
r1.POST("/GetAllAssets", func(c *gin.Context) {
result := getAllAssets(contract)
c.JSON(200, result)
})
r.Run(":8080") // 监听并在 0.0.0.0:8080 上启动服务这里在GetAllAssets中，我们执行result := getAllAssets(contract)函数：
如下：
// Evaluate a transaction to query ledger state.
func getAllAssets(contract *client.Contract) string {
fmt.Println("Evaluate Transaction: GetAllAssets, function returns all the current assets on the ledger")
evaluateResult, err := contract.EvaluateTransaction("GetAllAssets")
if err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to evaluate transaction: %w", err))
}
result := formatJSON(evaluateResult)
fmt.Printf("*** Result:%s\n", result)
return string(evaluateResult)
}这个方法是官方的demo，我进行了小改动，返回一个string是为了方便大家在前端看到拿到的数据，原本的方法是没有返回值的，这里注意。
最后，我们执行main函数：
打开postman进行测试：
我们看到账本的数据已经查出来到前端了！
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