request_threaded_irq()解读

1. 这个中断函数比较有意思，不仅定义了中断处理函数ads7846_hard_irq()，还会创建一个新线程，用来运行指定函数函数ads7846_irq()。具体应用：

    err = request_threaded_irq(spi->irq, ads7846_hard_irq, ads7846_irq,
                       irq_flags, spi->dev.driver->name, ts);

2. request_threaded_irq()函数，定义在/kernel/irq/manage.c中：

    /**
     *    request_threaded_irq - allocate an interrupt line
     *    @irq: Interrupt line to allocate
     *    @handler: Function to be called when the IRQ occurs.
     *         Primary handler for threaded interrupts
     *         If NULL and thread_fn != NULL the default
     *         primary handler is installed
     *    @thread_fn: Function called from the irq handler thread
     *         If NULL, no irq thread is created
     *    @irqflags: Interrupt type flags
     *    @devname: An ascii name for the claiming device
     *    @dev_id: A cookie passed back to the handler function
     *
     *    This call allocates interrupt resources and enables the
     *    interrupt line and IRQ handling. From the point this
     *    call is made your handler function may be invoked. Since
     *    your handler function must clear any interrupt the board
     *    raises, you must take care both to initialise your hardware
     *    and to set up the interrupt handler in the right order.
     *
     *    If you want to set up a threaded irq handler for your device
     *    then you need to supply @handler and @thread_fn. @handler ist
     *    still called in hard interrupt context and has to check
     *    whether the interrupt originates from the device. If yes it
     *    needs to disable the interrupt on the device and return
     *    IRQ_WAKE_THREAD which will wake up the handler thread and run
     *    @thread_fn. This split handler design is necessary to support
     *    shared interrupts.
     *
     *    Dev_id must be globally unique. Normally the address of the
     *    device data structure is used as the cookie. Since the handler
     *    receives this value it makes sense to use it.
     *
     *    If your interrupt is shared you must pass a non NULL dev_id
     *    as this is required when freeing the interrupt.
     *
     *    Flags:
     *
     *    IRQF_SHARED        Interrupt is shared
     *    IRQF_SAMPLE_RANDOM    The interrupt can be used for entropy
     *    IRQF_TRIGGER_*        Specify active edge(s) or level
     *
     */
    int request_threaded_irq(unsigned int irq, irq_handler_t handler,
                 irq_handler_t thread_fn, unsigned long irqflags,
                 const char *devname, void *dev_id)
    {
        struct irqaction *action;
        struct irq_desc *desc;
        int retval;
        /*
         * Sanity-check: shared interrupts must pass in a real dev-ID,
         * otherwise we'll have trouble later trying to figure out
         * which interrupt is which (messes up the interrupt freeing
         * logic etc).
         */
        if ((irqflags & IRQF_SHARED) && !dev_id)
            return -EINVAL;
        desc = irq_to_desc(irq);
        if (!desc)
            return -EINVAL;
        if (desc->status & IRQ_NOREQUEST)
            return -EINVAL;
        if (!handler) {
            if (!thread_fn)
                return -EINVAL;
            handler = irq_default_primary_handler;
        }
        action = kzalloc(sizeof(struct irqaction), GFP_KERNEL);  //分配irqaction内存
        if (!action)
            return -ENOMEM;
        action->handler = handler;
        action->thread_fn = thread_fn;
        action->flags = irqflags;
        action->name = devname;
        action->dev_id = dev_id;
        chip_bus_lock(desc);
        retval = __setup_irq(irq, desc, action);    //锁上后，这句才是动作
        chip_bus_sync_unlock(desc);
        if (retval)
            kfree(action);
    #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SHIRQ
        if (!retval && (irqflags & IRQF_SHARED)) {
            /*
             * It's a shared IRQ -- the driver ought to be prepared for it
             * to happen immediately, so let's make sure....
             * We disable the irq to make sure that a 'real' IRQ doesn't
             * run in parallel with our fake.
             */
            unsigned long flags;
            disable_irq(irq);
            local_irq_save(flags);
            handler(irq, dev_id);
            local_irq_restore(flags);
            enable_irq(irq);
        }
    #endif
        return retval;
    }
    EXPORT_SYMBOL(request_threaded_irq);

3. __setup_irq()定义如下：

    /*
     * Internal function to register an irqaction - typically used to
     * allocate special interrupts that are part of the architecture.
     */
    static int
    __setup_irq(unsigned int irq, struct irq_desc *desc, struct irqaction *new)
    {
        struct irqaction *old, **old_ptr;
        const char *old_name = NULL;
        unsigned long flags;
        int nested, shared = 0;
        int ret;
        if (!desc)
            return -EINVAL;
        if (desc->irq_data.chip == &no_irq_chip)
            return -ENOSYS;
        /*
         * Some drivers like serial.c use request_irq() heavily,
         * so we have to be careful not to interfere with a
         * running system.
         */
        if (new->flags & IRQF_SAMPLE_RANDOM) {
            /*
             * This function might sleep, we want to call it first,
             * outside of the atomic block.
             * Yes, this might clear the entropy pool if the wrong
             * driver is attempted to be loaded, without actually
             * installing a new handler, but is this really a problem,
             * only the sysadmin is able to do this.
             */
            rand_initialize_irq(irq);
        }
        /* Oneshot interrupts are not allowed with shared */
        if ((new->flags & IRQF_ONESHOT) && (new->flags & IRQF_SHARED))
            return -EINVAL;
        /*
         * Check whether the interrupt nests into another interrupt
         * thread.
         */
        nested = desc->status & IRQ_NESTED_THREAD;
        if (nested) {
            if (!new->thread_fn)
                return -EINVAL;
            /*
             * Replace the primary handler which was provided from
             * the driver for non nested interrupt handling by the
             * dummy function which warns when called.
             */
            new->handler = irq_nested_primary_handler;
        }
        /*
         * Create a handler thread when a thread function is supplied
         * and the interrupt does not nest into another interrupt
         * thread.
         */
        if (new->thread_fn && !nested) {
            struct task_struct *t;
            t = kthread_create(irq_thread, new, "irq/%d-%s", irq,   //kthread_create()就是创建新内核线程的动作了
                     new->name);
            if (IS_ERR(t))
                return PTR_ERR(t);
            /*
             * We keep the reference to the task struct even if
             * the thread dies to avoid that the interrupt code
             * references an already freed task_struct.
             */
            get_task_struct(t);
            new->thread = t;
        }
        /*
         * The following block of code has to be executed atomically
         */
        raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&desc->lock, flags);
        old_ptr = &desc->action;
        old = *old_ptr;
        if (old) {
            /*
             * Can't share interrupts unless both agree to and are
             * the same type (level, edge, polarity). So both flag
             * fields must have IRQF_SHARED set and the bits which
             * set the trigger type must match.
             */
            if (!((old->flags & new->flags) & IRQF_SHARED) ||
             ((old->flags ^ new->flags) & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK)) {
                old_name = old->name;
                goto mismatch;
            }
    #if defined(CONFIG_IRQ_PER_CPU)
            /* All handlers must agree on per-cpuness */
            if ((old->flags & IRQF_PERCPU) !=
             (new->flags & IRQF_PERCPU))
                goto mismatch;
    #endif
            /* add new interrupt at end of irq queue */
            do {
                old_ptr = &old->next;
                old = *old_ptr;
            } while (old);
            shared = 1;
        }
        if (!shared) {
            irq_chip_set_defaults(desc->irq_data.chip);
            init_waitqueue_head(&desc->wait_for_threads);
            /* Setup the type (level, edge polarity) if configured: */
            if (new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK) {
                ret = __irq_set_trigger(desc, irq,
                        new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK);
                if (ret)
                    goto out_thread;
            } else
                compat_irq_chip_set_default_handler(desc);
    #if defined(CONFIG_IRQ_PER_CPU)
            if (new->flags & IRQF_PERCPU)
                desc->status |= IRQ_PER_CPU;
    #endif
            desc->status &= ~(IRQ_AUTODETECT | IRQ_WAITING | IRQ_ONESHOT |
                     IRQ_INPROGRESS | IRQ_SPURIOUS_DISABLED);
            if (new->flags & IRQF_ONESHOT)
                desc->status |= IRQ_ONESHOT;
            if (!(desc->status & IRQ_NOAUTOEN)) {
                desc->depth = 0;
                desc->status &= ~IRQ_DISABLED;
                desc->irq_data.chip->irq_startup(&desc->irq_data);
            } else
                /* Undo nested disables: */
                desc->depth = 1;
            /* Exclude IRQ from balancing if requested */
            if (new->flags & IRQF_NOBALANCING)
                desc->status |= IRQ_NO_BALANCING;
            /* Set default affinity mask once everything is setup */
            setup_affinity(irq, desc);
        } else if ((new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK)
                && (new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK)
                    != (desc->status & IRQ_TYPE_SENSE_MASK)) {
            /* hope the handler works with the actual trigger mode... */
            pr_warning("IRQ %d uses trigger mode %d; requested %d\n",
                    irq, (int)(desc->status & IRQ_TYPE_SENSE_MASK),
                    (int)(new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK));
        }
        new->irq = irq;
        *old_ptr = new;
        /* Reset broken irq detection when installing new handler */
        desc->irq_count = 0;
        desc->irqs_unhandled = 0;
        /*
         * Check whether we disabled the irq via the spurious handler
         * before. Reenable it and give it another chance.
         */
        if (shared && (desc->status & IRQ_SPURIOUS_DISABLED)) {
            desc->status &= ~IRQ_SPURIOUS_DISABLED;
            __enable_irq(desc, irq, false);
        }
        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&desc->lock, flags);
        /*
         * Strictly no need to wake it up, but hung_task complains
         * when no hard interrupt wakes the thread up.
         */
        if (new->thread)
            wake_up_process(new->thread);
        register_irq_proc(irq, desc);
        new->dir = NULL;
        register_handler_proc(irq, new);
        return 0;
    mismatch:
    #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SHIRQ
        if (!(new->flags & IRQF_PROBE_SHARED)) {
            printk(KERN_ERR "IRQ handler type mismatch for IRQ %d\n", irq);
            if (old_name)
                printk(KERN_ERR "current handler: %s\n", old_name);
            dump_stack();
        }
    #endif
        ret = -EBUSY;
    out_thread:
        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&desc->lock, flags);
        if (new->thread) {
            struct task_struct *t = new->thread;
            new->thread = NULL;
            if (likely(!test_bit(IRQTF_DIED, &new->thread_flags)))
                kthread_stop(t);
            put_task_struct(t);
        }
        return ret;
    }