Java选择与循环语句

if else

int a = 0;
if (a > 0) {
    System.out.println("a是正数");
} else if (a < 0) {
    System.out.println("a是负数");
} else {
    System.out.println("a是零");
}

switch

switch语句用于条件很多的情况；

switch在jdk1.6或jdk1.6以下版本，仅支持整型类型；jdk1.7开始支持字符串

System.out.println("请输入一个数字：");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int n = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.close();
switch (n) {
    case 1:
        System.out.println("输入的数字为1");
        break;
    case 2:
        System.out.println("输入的数字为2");
        break;
    default:
        System.out.println("无法识别用户输入");
        break;
}

// output
// 请输入一个数字：
// 1
// 输入的数字为1

while & do while

while

int i = 1;
while (i <= 10) {
    System.out.println(i);
    i++;
}

do while

int i = 1;
do {
    System.out.println(i);
    i++;
} while (i <= 10);

while与do while的却别是，前者先判断后执行，后者是先执行后判断.

for

for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
    System.out.println(i);
}

示例：循环嵌套使用

// 循环嵌套使用，打印乘法表
for (int i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
    for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
        if(i<j) {
            builder.append(String.format("%s * %s = %s\t", i, j, i * j));
        }
        else {
            builder.append(String.format("%s * %s = %s\t", j, i, i * j));
        }
    }
    System.out.println(builder);
}
output

1 * 1 = 1	
1 * 2 = 2	2 * 2 = 4	
1 * 3 = 3	2 * 3 = 6	3 * 3 = 9	
1 * 4 = 4	2 * 4 = 8	3 * 4 = 12	4 * 4 = 16	
1 * 5 = 5	2 * 5 = 10	3 * 5 = 15	4 * 5 = 20	5 * 5 = 25	
1 * 6 = 6	2 * 6 = 12	3 * 6 = 18	4 * 6 = 24	5 * 6 = 30	6 * 6 = 36	
1 * 7 = 7	2 * 7 = 14	3 * 7 = 21	4 * 7 = 28	5 * 7 = 35	6 * 7 = 42	7 * 7 = 49	
1 * 8 = 8	2 * 8 = 16	3 * 8 = 24	4 * 8 = 32	5 * 8 = 40	6 * 8 = 48	7 * 8 = 56	8 * 8 = 64	
1 * 9 = 9	2 * 9 = 18	3 * 9 = 27	4 * 9 = 36	5 * 9 = 45	6 * 9 = 54	7 * 9 = 63	8 * 9 = 72	9 * 9 = 81	

循环结构的控制

break 语句 跳出循环

continue 语句 结束当前循环

return 语句 结束方法

这种很难写出来恰当的例子，后面遇到实例在写。