(未)poj1915(bfs)

http://poj.org/problem?id=1915

Knight Moves

Time Limit: 1000MS		Memory Limit: 30000K
Total Submissions: 17850		Accepted: 8147

Description

Background
Mr Somurolov, fabulous chess-gamer indeed, asserts that no one else but him can move knights from one position to another so fast. Can you beat him?
The Problem
Your task is to write a program to calculate the minimum number of moves needed for a knight to reach one point from another, so that you have the chance to be faster than Somurolov.
For people not familiar with chess, the possible knight moves are shown in Figure 1.

Input

The input begins with the number n of scenarios on a single line by itself.
Next follow n scenarios. Each scenario consists of three lines containing integer numbers. The first line specifies the length l of a side of the chess board (4 <= l <= 300). The entire board has size l * l. The second and third line contain pair of integers {0, ..., l-1}*{0, ..., l-1} specifying the starting and ending position of the knight on the board. The integers are separated by a single blank. You can assume that the positions are valid positions on the chess board of that scenario.

Output

For each scenario of the input you have to calculate the minimal amount of knight moves which are necessary to move from the starting point to the ending point. If starting point and ending point are equal,distance is zero. The distance must be written on a single line.

Sample Input

3
8
0 0
7 0
100
0 0
30 50
10
1 1
1 1

Sample Output

5
28
0

Source

TUD Programming Contest 2001, Darmstadt, Germany

题目大意：输入n表示有n组测试数据，每组数据先输入一个m，表示矩阵的大小为m*m，然后给出一个士兵的起点和终点，，士兵可以按照如图所示的方向移动，要求输出将士兵从起点移到终点的最小步数。

可以参考白书108。。感觉bfs比dfs难理解。。。

参考代码及思路： http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5f873c1e0100x4xj.html

  #include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int graph[300][300],step[300][300];
int m;
int p[8]={-2,-1,1,2,2,1,-1,-2};
int q[8]={1,2,2,1,-1,-2,-2,-1};
int qx[90001],qy[90001];
void bfs(int x,int y)
{
        int nx,ny,i;
        int front=0,rear=0; qx[rear]=x;
        qy[rear++]=y;
        graph[x][y]=1;
        step[x][y]=0;
        while(front<rear)
        {
                x=qx[front];
                y=qy[front++];
                for(i=0;i<8;i++)
                {
                        nx=x+p[i];
                        ny=y+q[i];
                        if(nx>=0&&nx<m&&ny>=0&&ny<m&&!graph[nx][ny])
                        {
                                graph[nx][ny]=1;
                                step[nx][ny]=step[x][y]+1;
                                qx[rear]=nx;
                                qy[rear++]=ny;
                        }
                }
        }
}
int main()
{
        int n,sx,sy,ex,ey;
        scanf("%d",&n);
        while(n--)
        {
                scanf("%d",&m);
                memset(graph,0,sizeof(graph));
                memset(step,0,sizeof(step));
                scanf("%d %d",&sx,&sy);
                scanf("%d %d",&ex,&ey);
                if(sx==ex&&sy==ey)
                {
                        printf("0\n");
                        continue;
                }
                bfs(sx,sy);
                printf("%d\n",step[ex][ey]);
        }
        return 0;
}