装饰模式

目录

一、装饰模式

二、代码实例一

三、代码实例二

四、IO流

五、代码实例三

UML图：

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一、装饰模式

要点

装饰模式，根据字面意思，是对一些类进行装饰，动态扩展功能。

Component类：抽象类或接口

ConcreteComponent类：代表具体的被装饰类，就像下文中的Person类

Decoraor类：装饰类，成员是Component类的对象

ConcreteDecoraor类：具体的装饰器类，对ConcreteComponent添加一些功能

从衣服装饰看起，就是把一个人不断包装。

应用场景：

1、程序希望动态增加一些类的功能，而又不影响其他子类对象。

2、采用继承来增强对象功能不利于系统扩展维护。

PROS AND CONS

PROS

装饰模式和继承都是要扩展功能，但装饰更加灵活

通过使用不同的具体装饰类及其排列组合，可以创造出不同行为的组合

CONS

会产生很多细粒度对象。

二、代码实例一

第一个类：抽象类组成类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
    abstract class Component
    {
        public abstract void show();
    }
}

定义一个抽象展现函数。

第二个类：装饰类（继承抽象组成类、成员函数是其父类组成类）

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
    class Finery:Component
    {
        protected Component com;

        public Finery(Component com)
        {
            this.com = com;
        }

        public override void show()
        {
            if(com!=null)
            {
                com.show();
            }
        }
    }
}

第三个类：人物类（成员是其名字、成员函数是展现函数、继承装饰类）

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
    class Person : Component
    {
        private string name;

        public Person(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public Person()
        {
        }

        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine (name);
        }
    }
}

第四、五、六都是衣服类（继承装饰类）

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
    class Kt:Finery
    {
        public Kt(Component com) : base(com) { }

        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("穿了裤子");
            base.show();
        }

    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
    class Shoe:Finery 
    {
        public Shoe(Component com) : base(com) { }

        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("穿了鞋子");
            base.show();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
    class Ts : Finery
    {
        public Ts(Component com) : base(com) { }//初始化父类
        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("穿了T-shirt");
            base.show();
        }
    }
}




using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
    class Dx:Finery
    {
        public Dx(Component com) : base(com) { }//初始化父类

        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("穿了短袖");
            base.show();
        }
    }
}

然后是测试类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("第一种方式");
            Component Mrs = new Person("小王");
            Component Kt = new Kt(Mrs);
            Component Ts = new Ts(Kt);
            Component Shoe = new Shoe(Ts);
            Shoe.show();
            Console.WriteLine("-------------------");
            Console.WriteLine("第二种方式");
            Component Dx = new Dx(new Kt(new Shoe(new Person("小李"))));
            Dx.show();
            //递归调用
        }
    }
}

注意多体会写法。

三、代码实例二

对裸车进行装饰

第一个类：抽象车类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Decorator
{
    abstract class  Car
    {
        public abstract void Show();
    }
}

 第二个类：装饰车类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Decorator
{
    class CarDecorator : Car
    {
        protected Car car ;

        public CarDecorator(Car car)
        {
            this.car = car;
        }

        public override void Show()
        {
            if(car != null)
            {
                car.Show();
            }
              
        }
    }
}

具体被装饰类：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Decorator
{
    class BenChi : Car
    {
        private string name;

        public BenChi(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public BenChi()
        {
        }

        public override void Show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(name);
          
        }
    }
}

装饰类：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Decorator
{
    class ConcreteDeractorOne:CarDecorator
    {
        public ConcreteDeractorOne(Car c) : base(c) { }

        public override void Show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("装饰一");
            base.Show();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Decorator
{
    class ConcreteDeractorTwo:CarDecorator
    {
        public ConcreteDeractorTwo(Car c) : base(c) { }

        public override void Show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("装饰二");
            base.Show();
        }
    }
}

测试类：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Decorator
{
    static class Program
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 应用程序的主入口点。
        /// </summary>
        [STAThread]
        static void Main()
        {
            Car tw = new ConcreteDeractorTwo(new ConcreteDeractorOne(new BenChi("aaa")));
            tw.Show();//
            
        }
    }
}

四、IO流

 

JAVA中的Io流

 

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class IoTestOne {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		DataInputStream cin = null;
		try {
			cin = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream("D:/Io.txt")));
			byte bs[] = new byte[cin.available()];
			cin.read(bs);
			String content = new String(bs);
			System.out.println(content);
		} finally {
			cin.close();//
		}
	}

}

改写后

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;

public class EncryptOutputStream extends OutputStream {
	private OutputStream os=null;
	
	public EncryptOutputStream(OutputStream os) {
		super();
		this.os = os;
	}

	@Override
	public void write(int b) throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		b=b+2;
		if(b>=97+26)
		{
			b-=26;
		}
		this.os.write(b);//重写这个函数
	}

}

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class IoTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		DataOutputStream cout = new DataOutputStream(
				new BufferedOutputStream(new EncryptOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("D:/Io.txt"))));
		cout.write("abcdd".getBytes());
		cout.close();
	}

}

五、代码实例三

奖金分类，对于个人有当月奖金、个人累计奖金、个人业务增长奖金、及时回款奖金、限时成交加码奖金等；对于业务主管或者是业务经理，除了个人奖金外，还有团队累积奖金、团队业务增长奖金、团队盈利奖金等。 计算公式也有不同 计算奖金金额的基数也有不同 奖金的计算方式会经常变化。要适于调整和修改。

利用装饰模式：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace SalaryTwo
{
    abstract class Component
    {
        public abstract string Calculate();
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace SalaryTwo
{
    class Deractor:Component 
    {
        Component component;

        public Deractor(Component component)
        {
            this.component = component;
        }

        public override string Calculate()
        {
            while(component !=null)
            {
                return component.Calculate();
            }
            return component.Calculate();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace SalaryTwo
{
    class Employee : Component
    {
        string salary;

        public Employee(string salary)
        {
            this.salary = salary;
        }

        public override string Calculate()
        {
            return salary;
        }
    }
}

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace SalaryTwo
{
    class Management:Component
    {
        string salary;

        public Management(string salary)
        {
            this.salary = salary;
        }

        public override string Calculate()
        {
            return salary;
        }
    }
}

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace SalaryTwo
{
    class PersonalAdd : Deractor
    {
        public PersonalAdd(Component component) : base(component)
        {
        }

       
        public override string Calculate()
        {
            return base.Calculate ()+"+3000";
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace SalaryTwo
{
    class PersonalSalary : Deractor
    {
        public PersonalSalary(Component com) : base(com) { }

        public override string Calculate()
        {
            return base.Calculate()+"+8000";
        }
    }
}

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace SalaryTwo
{
    class TeamSalary:Deractor
    {
        public TeamSalary(Component component) : base(component)
        {
        }

        public override string Calculate()
        {
            return base.Calculate()+"+900";
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace SalaryTwo
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Component pd = new PersonalAdd(new TeamSalary(new PersonalSalary(new Management("600"))));
            Console.WriteLine(pd.Calculate());
            Component pd1 = new PersonalAdd(new Employee("300"));
            Console.WriteLine(pd1.Calculate());
            // out it !  
        }
    }
}

简略实现一下，有时间再精致一下代码。

太丑了这个图...

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Salary
{
    abstract class Component
    {
        public abstract void show();

    }
}

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Salary
{
    class Decorator:Component
    {
        Component component;
       // int salary:
        public Decorator(Component component)
        {
            this.component = component;
        }

        public override void show()
        {
            if(component !=null)
            {
                component.show();
            }
        }
    }
}

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Salary
{
    class Employee : Component
    {
        string name;

        public Employee(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public Employee()
        {
        }

        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("职员薪资：");
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Salary
{
    class Manager : Component
    {
        string name;

        public Manager(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public Manager()
        {
        }

        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("经理薪资：");
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Salary
{
    class MonthSalary:Decorator 
    {
        public MonthSalary (Component com) : base(com) { }

        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("月薪");
            base.show();
        }

    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Salary
{
    class RewardSalary:Decorator 
    {
        public RewardSalary(Component com): base(com){ }

        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("个人累计月奖金");
            base.show();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Salary
{
    class TeamAddSalary:Decorator 
    {
        public TeamAddSalary(Component com) : base(com) { }

        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("团队业务增加奖金");
            base.show();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Salary
{
    class TeamSalary:Decorator 
    {
        public TeamSalary(Component com) : base(com) { }

        public override void show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("团队绩效奖金");                                                                                                        
            base.show();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Salary
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Component salary = new MonthSalary(new RewardSalary (new Employee ("小王")));
            salary.show();
            Component salaryTwo = new MonthSalary(new RewardSalary(new TeamSalary(new TeamAddSalary (new Manager ("小李")))));
            salaryTwo.show();//
        }
    }
}

UML图：

太丑了...