android6.0之后的系统在Activity类中加入了动态申请权限的接口:
public final void requestPermissions(@NonNull String[] permissions, int requestCode);
即有一部分系统权限需要动态去申请才能满足应用接口调用的需求,否则即使在AndroidManifest.xml中声明了该权限,在APP运行过程中也会抛出异常。
那么有哪些系统权限需要去动态申请呢?整理了下大概有如下权限:
联系人
group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS
//通话
group:android.permission-group.PHONE
permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL
//日历
group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR
//相机
group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
permission:android.permission.CAMERA
//人体感应
group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS
//定位权限
group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
//存储权限
group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
//麦克风
group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
//短信
group:android.permission-group.SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
我们在开发应用的时候通常会用到其中的部分权限,我们需一个不漏的整理出来放到一个String数组中,再调用requestPermissions接口去动态申请。不同的应用需要动态申请的权限列表不一样,为了防止遗漏,我们可以整理一个接口找到需要动态申请的权限列表,代码如下:
public String[] getMissingPermission(Activity act) {
ArrayList<String> missingPermissions = new ArrayList<>();
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
try {
PackageInfo info = act.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(act.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS);
if (info.requestedPermissions != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < info.requestedPermissions.length; i++) {
if ((info.requestedPermissionsFlags[i] & PackageInfo.REQUESTED_PERMISSION_GRANTED) == 0) {
missingPermissions.add(info.requestedPermissions[i]);
}
}
}
} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException nnfe) {
nnfe.printStackTrace();
}
}
return missingPermissions.toArray(new String[missingPermissions.size()]);
}
通过此方法可以找到应用所有缺失的权限,包括不需动态申请的权限,对于不需要动态申请的权限可以在应用清单Manifest中补充完整。所以这里可以做一个小调整:
首先生成一个HashMap,用来存放所有的动态申请权限
HashMap<String, String> permissionMap = new HashMap();
permissionMap.put(Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS);
......
然后过滤掉无需动态申请的权限:
...
if ((info.requestedPermissionsFlags[i] & PackageInfo.REQUESTED_PERMISSION_GRANTED) == 0) {
if (permissionMap.containsKey(info.requestedPermissions[i])) {
missingPermissions.add(info.requestedPermissions[i]);
}
}
...
最后调用 requestPermissions(missingPermissions, PERMISSION_REQUEST);方法即可申请每一个需要动态申请的权限了。
上述是个人工作之余做的一个归纳,不知道对您是否有用。_