sscanf用法

int sscanf(const char *str, const char *format,......);

 sscanf()会将参数str的字符串根据参数format字符串来转换并格式化数据。格式转换形式请参考scanf()。转换后的结果存于对应的参数内。

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<string> 
using namespace std;

int main(){
char buf1[10],buf2[10],buf3[10],buf4[10];
int digit,ret;
/*1.最简单普遍的用法*/
char str[20]= "china beijing 123";
ret=sscanf(str, "%s %s %d", buf1, buf2, &digit);
printf("1.str=%s\n", str);
printf("1.ret=%d, buf1=%s, buf2=%s, digit=%d\n\n", ret, buf1, buf2, digit);
/*
**执行结果:
**1.ret=3, buf1=china, buf2=beijing, digit=123
**可以看出,sscanf的返回值是读取的参数个数
*/

//2.取指定长度的字符串
char str2[20] =  "123456789";
sscanf(str2, "%5s", buf1);
printf("2.str=%s\n", str2);
printf("2.buf1=%s\n\n", buf1);
/*
**执行结果:
**2.buf1=12345
*/

//3.取到指定字符为止的字符串 %[^xxx]
char str3[20] = "123/4556";
sscanf(str3, "%[^/]", buf1);
printf("3.string=%s\n", str3);
printf("3.buf1=%s\n\n", buf1);
/*
**执行结果:
**3.buf1=123
*/

//4.取到指定字符集为止的字符串
char str4[20] = "123abcABC";
sscanf(str4, "%[^A-Z]", buf1);
sscanf(str4, "%[^a-z]", buf2);
printf("4.string=%s\n", str4);
printf("4.buf1=%s 4.buf2=%s\n\n", buf1,buf2);
/*
**执行结果:
**4.buf1=123abc   4.buf2=123
*/

//5.取仅包含指定字符集的字符串
char str5[20] = "0123abcABC";
sscanf(str5, "%[0-9]%[a-z]%[A-Z]", buf1, buf2, buf3);
printf("5.str=%s\n", str5);
printf("5.buf1=%s, buf2=%s, buf3=%s\n\n", buf1, buf2, buf3);
/*
**执行结果:
**5.buf1=123, buf2=abc, buf3=ABC
*/

//6.获取指定字符中间的字符串 忽略前面到xx为止 
char str6[20] = "ios<android>wp7";
sscanf(str6, "%*[^s] s %[^w]", buf1);
printf("6.string=%s\n", str6);
printf("6.buf1=%s\n\n", buf1);
/*
**执行结果:
**6.buf1=android
*/

//7.指定要跳过的字符串
char str7[20] = "iosVSandroid";
sscanf(str7, "%[a-z]VS%[a-z]", buf1, buf2);
printf("7.string=%s\n", str7);
printf("7.buf1=%s, buf2=%s\n\n", buf1, buf2);
/*
**执行结果:
**7.buf1=ios, buf2=android
*/

//8.分割以某字符隔开的字符串
char str8[20] = "android-iphone-wp7";
sscanf(str8, "%[^-]-%[^-]-%[^\n]", buf1, buf2, buf3);
printf("8.string=%s\n", str8);
printf("8.buf1=%s, buf2=%s, buf3=%s\n\n", buf1, buf2, buf3);
/*
**执行结果:
**8.buf1=android, buf2=iphone, buf3=wp7
*/

//9.提取邮箱地址
char str9[30] = "Email:computer@xidian.edu.cn";
sscanf(str9, "%[^:] : %[^@] @ %[^.] . %s", buf1, buf2, buf3, buf4);
printf("9.string=%s\n", str9);
printf("9.buf1=%s, buf2=%s, buf3=%s, buf4=%s\n\n", buf1, buf2, buf3, buf4);
/*
**执行结果:
**9.buf1=Email, buf2=beijing, buf3=sina, buf4=com.cn
*/

//10.过滤掉不想截取或不需要的字符串--补充,在%号后面加*号,代表过滤这个字符串
char str10[30]= "android iphone wp7";
sscanf(str10, "%s %*s %s", buf1, buf2);
printf("10.string=%s\n", str10);
printf("10.buf1=%s, buf2=%s\n\n", buf1, buf2);
/*
**执行结果:
**10.android wp7
*/
}