关系模型概念整理 (Relational Model)

Definition实在不知道怎么概括= =...

• Intention of a relation: relation definition and constrains
• Extention of a relation: the actual data, tuples

Relation properties

• Set Theory
  • Attributes has order (not necessary)
  • Value are used to identify tuples
  • Tuples dont have order
  • Tuples cant have duplication
• Attribute value are atomic
• Degree: How many attributes in the schema
• Cardinality: How many tuples in an instance

Constraints

• Let the DBMS to ensure the entry or modification on data are legal
• Give applications' bug no chance to ruin the data

Three Constraint Level

• Tuple-level
  • Domain restrictions (datatype)
  • Attribute comparisons (好像是指check)
• Relation-level
  • Special type of keys
    • Superkey: 能uniquely identifies a tuple的一个or一组attribute
    • Candidate key: Superkey的最小集, (最简单的一个or一组attribute)
    • Primary key: 被选中, 用来identity tuples的Candidate key
• Database-level
  • Referential integrity
    • Foreign key: 其他relation中的primary key
    • Referential integrity: 不允许出现和对应relation中的记录不符的情况
  • Inclusion dependencies: = =`不懂