MySQL日常语句练习——单表DDL_DML_DQL语句练习

前言

数据库名称可以为【schoolDB】,字符集【utf8】，排列顺序【utf8_general_ci】。

1、建表语句——DDL

CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '学号',
  `creatDate` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  `userName` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
  `pwd` varchar(36) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',
  `phone` varchar(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号',
  `age` tinyint(3) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '年龄',
  `sex` char(2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
  `introduce` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '简介',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=14 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

2、插入语句——DML

insert into student values(0,'2024-05-20 10:00:00','李佳兴','123456',
'15612345678',17,'男','宿舍原神哥兼宿舍长');
insert into student values(0,'2024-02-20 10:00:00','李春胤','123456',
'15612345678',18,'男','性别男，爱好人');
insert into student values(0,'2024-03-20 10:00:00','李宇扬','123456',
'15612345678',20,'男','宿舍永远的对象哥');
insert into student values(0,'2024-04-20 10:00:00','王坤宇','123456',
'15612345678',20,'男','经典名言 炳楠把这俩灯关了呗');
insert into student values(0,'2024-06-20 10:00:00','任云飞','123456',
'15612345678',19,'男','宿舍的内卷王，一心只想如何卷死舍友');
insert into student (userName,age,introduce)values('三二八',18,'永远的神');
select * from student;

3、基础查询语句——DQL

# 1、基础查询
select * from student;
# 2、分列匿名以及筛选数据查询
select userName as '姓名',age 年龄,sex '性别',introduce '简介'
from student
where pwd is not null;
# 3、去重查询
select distinct sex '性别类型' from student;
# 4、排序查询
select userName as '姓名',age 年龄,sex '性别',introduce '简介' from student ORDER BY age desc;
# 5、分页查询-limit这是个重载函数
# 1个参数的limit用法是显示多少条信息
select * from student LIMIT 2;
# 2个参数,参数1：从第N条开始查询，N的起始坐标为0条。参数2：查询条数
select * from student limit 4,2;

4、模糊查询——DQL

# like用于模糊查询
SELECT * FROM `student` where userName like '李_';
SELECT * FROM `student` where userName like '李%';
# is null的使用not代表否定
SELECT * FROM `student` where pwd is null;
SELECT * FROM `student` where pwd is not null;
# between and 是范围查询 能查询数值与时间范围
SELECT * FROM `student` where age between 30 and 40;
SELECT * FROM `student` where creatDate between '2024-02-21 0:00:00' and '2024-02-23 0:00:00';
# in相当于多个or来使用
SELECT * FROM `student` where userName in('李佳兴','王坤宇','任云飞');