要求
(1)设计界面,向窗体添加下拉式菜单、文本框、打开文件对话框、保存文件对话框。
(2)依次为“文件”下的“新建”、“打开”、“保存”菜单项的Click事件添加事件处理函数。
(3)实现文本文件的打开、编辑和保存功能;
提示:
(1) 窗口可用DockPanel进行布局,让菜单和工具栏都位于顶部,即:
DockPanel.Dock=“Top”。
(2) 文本文件的显示与编辑可以使用TextBox控件。
(3) 使用命令绑定,让菜单项和工具栏同时与一个操作相关联。
在MainWindow.xaml的Window标签下加:
<Window.CommandBindings>
</Window.CommandBindings>
在菜单项添加:
在工具栏添加:
就可绑定命令。同时Ctrl+O等键盘组合也默认与Open命令相绑定。
(4) 添加bool类型_saved字段,标记当前内容是否已保存。
<Window x:Class="WpfApp2.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp2"
mc:Ignorable="d"
Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800">
<Window.CommandBindings>
<CommandBinding Command="Open" Executed="OnOpen"/>
<CommandBinding Command="Save" Executed="OnSave"/>
<CommandBinding Command="New" Executed="OnNew"/>
</Window.CommandBindings>
<Grid>
<Menu >
<MenuItem Header="文件" Height="46" Width="34" TextOptions.TextHintingMode="Animated" >
<MenuItem Header="打开" Command="Open"/>
<MenuItem Header="另存为" Command="Save"/>
<MenuItem Header="新建" Command="New"/>
</MenuItem>
</Menu>
<Button Content="保存" Click="OnSave1" x:Name="button1" Visibility="Collapsed" Margin="77,0,643.6,363" />
<Button Content="不保存" Click="NoSave" x:Name="button2" Visibility="Collapsed" Margin="191,0,527.6,363"/>
<TextBox x:Name="text1" TextChanged="Txt_TextChanged" AcceptsReturn="True" AcceptsTab="True" Margin="0,45,-0.4,0"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
文件说明:Menu下提供三个选项操作,“打开”,“另存为”,“新建”。分别绑定了三个CommandBinding,来操作源程序的三个方法,OnOpen,OnSave,OnNew。还定义了两个按钮,“保存”,“不保存”,用click属性绑定了方法“OnSave1”,“NoSave”。最后还有一个TextBox控件用来展示和编辑文件的内容,其中属性TextChanged绑定源程序的Txt_TextChanged方法,对文本内容改变做出响应。
源代码:
using Microsoft.Win32;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Input;
namespace WpfApp2
{
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public int ChangeStatus = 0;//0表示打开的文件还没有改变,1表示打开的文件已经改变
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void OnOpen(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
if (ChangeStatus==0)
{
var dlg = new OpenFileDialog()
{
Title = "打开文件",
CheckPathExists = true,
CheckFileExists = true,
Filter = "Text files (*.txt)|*.txt|All files|*.*",
InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyComputer)
};
if (dlg.ShowDialog() == true)
{
text1.Text = File.ReadAllText(dlg.FileName);//赋值操作会触发Txt_TextChanged
button1.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;//因为触发了Txt_TextChanged会显示按钮
button2.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;//但是因为打开文件是不会修改文件内容的,所以隐藏掉
Title = dlg.FileName;
ChangeStatus = 0;
}
}
else if( ChangeStatus == 1)
{
MessageBox.Show("请先保存文件!!!");//文件打开了,并且修改了,再要打开其他文件会弹窗提示“先保存文件”
}
}
private void OnSave(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)//另存为
{
var dlg = new SaveFileDialog()
{
Title = "另存为",
DefaultExt = "txt",
Filter = "Text files (*.txt)|*.txt|All files|*.*",
};
if (dlg.ShowDialog() == true)
{
Title = dlg.FileName;
File.WriteAllText(dlg.FileName, text1.Text);
ChangeStatus = 0;
}
}
private void OnNew(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)//新建文件
{
var dlg = new SaveFileDialog()
{
Title = "新建",
DefaultExt = "txt",
Filter = "Text files (*.txt)|*.txt|All files|*.*",
};
if (dlg.ShowDialog() == true)
{
button1.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
button2.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
File.WriteAllText(dlg.FileName, "");
Title = dlg.FileName;//把路径写到title
text1.Clear();
ChangeStatus = 0;
}
}
private void Txt_TextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e)//修改了文件内容会把“保存”“不保存”按钮显示出来
{
if(ChangeStatus==0)
{
button1.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
button2.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
ChangeStatus = 1;
}
}
private void OnSave1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)//保存文件,可以打开其他文件了
{
if(Title!=""&& Title != "MainWindow")
{
File.WriteAllText(Title, text1.Text);
ChangeStatus = 0;//保存了文件之后,就相当于打开文件但是没有修改
}
button1.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
button2.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;//隐藏两按钮
}
private void NoSave(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)//不保存文件
{
text1.Text = File.ReadAllText(Title);//重新把textbox内容改成原文件的内容
ChangeStatus = 0;//改变当前文件的状态
button1.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
button2.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;//隐藏两按钮
}
}
}
解释基本都在注释上了,最后再记录一个小bug:
Txt_TextChanged的触发机制,一开始我以为只有在运行后的那个框框里输入或者删除文字,才会有执行响应函数,但是其实通过
text1.Text = File.ReadAllText(Title)这样赋值的方式也是可以的,所以一开始忽略了一些细节上的问题,最后通过改正代码的执行顺序,还好解决了问题。