import matplotlib as mpl
##自定义色阶######################
cmap = (mpl.colors.ListedColormap(['#1C5CA7','#1E75D2','#3A9FF1','#81D2FF','#ACE7F7','#D2FBFF','#F2FFEE','#D2FECF', '#C0FE8B', '#FDFE98','#FFF2C3',
'#FECFA5','#FA9589','#FF5500'])
.with_extremes(over='#E60000', under='#003085'))
bounds = [-12,-8,-4,0,4,8,12,16,20,24,28,32,35,37,40]
norm = mpl.colors.BoundaryNorm(bounds, cmap.N)
level=np.arange(-12,41,2)
f1 = ax.contourf(lon2d,lat2d,temp_grid,level,extend='both',transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(),cmap=cmap,)
06-12