接下来我们介绍对称加密算法,最常用的莫过于DES数据加密算法。
DES
DES-Data Encryption Standard,即数据加密算法。是IBM公司于1975年研究成功并公开发表的。DES算法的入口参数有三个:Key、Data、Mode。其中Key为8个字节共64位,是DES算法的工作密钥;Data也为8个字节64位,是要被加密或被解密的数据;Mode为DES的工作方式,有两种:加密或解密。
DES算法把64位的明文输入块变为64位的密文输出块,它所使用的密钥也是64位。
通过java代码实现如下: Coder类见 Java加密技术(一)
延续上一个类的实现,我们通过MD5以及SHA对字符串加密生成密钥,这是比较常见的密钥生成方式。
再给出一个测试类:
DES
DES-Data Encryption Standard,即数据加密算法。是IBM公司于1975年研究成功并公开发表的。DES算法的入口参数有三个:Key、Data、Mode。其中Key为8个字节共64位,是DES算法的工作密钥;Data也为8个字节64位,是要被加密或被解密的数据;Mode为DES的工作方式,有两种:加密或解密。
DES算法把64位的明文输入块变为64位的密文输出块,它所使用的密钥也是64位。
![【密钥算法】Java加密技术(二)---DES数据加密算法 - 八月照相馆 - 八月照相馆](http://img116.ph.126.net/Hc197eQGy28kbGNOnyFdrQ==/2015642308226683241.jpg)
通过java代码实现如下: Coder类见 Java加密技术(一)
Java代码
- import java.security.Key;
- import java.security.SecureRandom;
- import javax.crypto.Cipher;
- import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
- import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
- import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
- import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec;
- /**
- * DES安全编码组件
- *
- * <pre>
- * 支持 DES、DESede(TripleDES,就是3DES)、AES、Blowfish、RC2、RC4(ARCFOUR)
- * DES key size must be equal to 56
- * DESede(TripleDES) key size must be equal to 112 or 168
- * AES key size must be equal to 128, 192 or 256,but 192 and 256 bits may not be available
- * Blowfish key size must be multiple of 8, and can only range from 32 to 448 (inclusive)
- * RC2 key size must be between 40 and 1024 bits
- * RC4(ARCFOUR) key size must be between 40 and 1024 bits
- * 具体内容 需要关注 JDK Document http://.../docs/technotes/guides/security/SunProviders.html
- * </pre>
- *
- * @author 梁栋
- * @version 1.0
- * @since 1.0
- */
- public abstract class DESCoder extends Coder {
- /**
- * ALGORITHM 算法 <br>
- * 可替换为以下任意一种算法,同时key值的size相应改变。
- *
- * <pre>
- * DES key size must be equal to 56
- * DESede(TripleDES) key size must be equal to 112 or 168
- * AES key size must be equal to 128, 192 or 256,but 192 and 256 bits may not be available
- * Blowfish key size must be multiple of 8, and can only range from 32 to 448 (inclusive)
- * RC2 key size must be between 40 and 1024 bits
- * RC4(ARCFOUR) key size must be between 40 and 1024 bits
- * </pre>
- *
- * 在Key toKey(byte[] key)方法中使用下述代码
- * <code>SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, ALGORITHM);</code> 替换
- * <code>
- * DESKeySpec dks = new DESKeySpec(key);
- * SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
- * SecretKey secretKey = keyFactory.generateSecret(dks);
- * </code>
- */
- public static final String ALGORITHM = "DES";
- /**
- * 转换密钥<br>
- *
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private static Key toKey(byte[] key) throws Exception {
- DESKeySpec dks = new DESKeySpec(key);
- SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
- SecretKey secretKey = keyFactory.generateSecret(dks);
- // 当使用其他对称加密算法时,如AES、Blowfish等算法时,用下述代码替换上述三行代码
- // SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, ALGORITHM);
- return secretKey;
- }
- /**
- * 解密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception {
- Key k = toKey(decryptBASE64(key));
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, k);
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
- /**
- * 加密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception {
- Key k = toKey(decryptBASE64(key));
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, k);
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
- /**
- * 生成密钥
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String initKey() throws Exception {
- return initKey(null);
- }
- /**
- * 生成密钥
- *
- * @param seed
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String initKey(String seed) throws Exception {
- SecureRandom secureRandom = null;
- if (seed != null) {
- secureRandom = new SecureRandom(decryptBASE64(seed));
- } else {
- secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
- }
- KeyGenerator kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
- kg.init(secureRandom);
- SecretKey secretKey = kg.generateKey();
- return encryptBASE64(secretKey.getEncoded());
- }
- }
延续上一个类的实现,我们通过MD5以及SHA对字符串加密生成密钥,这是比较常见的密钥生成方式。
再给出一个测试类:
Java代码
- import static org.junit.Assert.*;
- import org.junit.Test;
- /**
- *
- * @author 梁栋
- * @version 1.0
- * @since 1.0
- */
- public class DESCoderTest {
- @Test
- public void test() throws Exception {
- String inputStr = "DES";
- String key = DESCoder.initKey();
- System.err.println("原文:\t" + inputStr);
- System.err.println("密钥:\t" + key);
- byte[] inputData = inputStr.getBytes();
- inputData = DESCoder.encrypt(inputData, key);
- System.err.println("加密后:\t" + DESCoder.encryptBASE64(inputData));
- byte[] outputData = DESCoder.decrypt(inputData, key);
- String outputStr = new String(outputData);
- System.err.println("解密后:\t" + outputStr);
- assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr);
- }
- }