Course note: Strings，String Methods

Strings

要用数组的思想来理解String

与数组声明方法类似，也与类的实例化思想相同

The String object is immutable, meaning once a String object is created, its value cannot be lengthened or shortened; none of the characters canchange .

当两个String直接用+相连：

 

如果像计算相加的结果，需要加（）

 

String Methods
 

String concat(String s)

Concatenates the specified strings to the end of this string. Same as +.

Output:

 

 

int length()

– Returns the length of the string;
用法就是数组的：数组名.length 返回元素个数int

 

char charAt(int index)

– returns the specifed character at the position of index in the String
返回该数组的第 index+1个元素

返回

 

String toUpperCase()

– returns a new string by converting all of the characters in this string to uppercase
 

String toLowerCase()

– returns a new string by converting all of thecharacters in this string to lowercase
 

 

String substring(int begin, int end)

- returns a String from this string using characters between the indices begin (inclusive) and end
(exclusive)

String substring(int begin)

– returns a String from this string from the beginning index to the end.
 

 

注意index起始为0，因为这是数组。所以indx是指第index+1个元素

 

String replace(char oldChar, char newChar)

- Returns a string resulting from replacing all occurrences of oldChar in this string with
newChar

新的替换旧的

 

int compareTo(String s)

– Compares this String with thep arameter String s - returns an int <0 if this String precedes the argument String s, an int >0 if this String follows the argument String s, otherwise an int =0 if they are equal

安照ASCII表的顺序，从左向右一个个比较。

 

 

boolean equals (Object s)

– returns true if this String should be considered the same as the parameter object s, which could be another String
 

boolean equalsIgnoreCase (String s)

– compares this string to another String ignoring case Considerations returning true if they should be considered equal.

同长度，同一个char（不区分大小写） 则为true

 

按照数组的思想，以下s1和s2

s1==s2为假，因为两个Hello是在不同的堆里面，此时比较的是s1和s2分别储存的地址（用上面的method比较才会为真）

如果是以以下形式

s1==s2为真，因为此时比较的是它们的值