go gin 通过nginx反向代理http服务器

Gin 的介绍

Gin 是用 Go 编写的一个 Web 应用框架，对比其它主流的同类框架，他有更好的性能和更快的路由。由于其本身只是在官方 net/http 包的基础上做的完善，所以理解和上手很平滑。如果你现在开始做一套新的Api，我十分推荐你使用它。

Gin 的性能怎么样，需要数据说话，我们来看官方给出的表格：

Benchmark name                              | (1)        | (2)         | (3) 		    | (4)
--------------------------------------------|-----------:|------------:|-----------:|---------:
**BenchmarkGin_GithubAll**                  | **30000**  |  **48375**  |     **0**  |   **0**
BenchmarkAce_GithubAll                      |   10000    |   134059    |   13792    |   167
BenchmarkBear_GithubAll                     |    5000    |   534445    |   86448    |   943
BenchmarkBeego_GithubAll                    |    3000    |   592444    |   74705    |   812
BenchmarkBone_GithubAll                     |     200    |  6957308    |  698784    |  8453
BenchmarkDenco_GithubAll                    |   10000    |   158819    |   20224    |   167
BenchmarkEcho_GithubAll                     |   10000    |   154700    |    6496    |   203
BenchmarkGocraftWeb_GithubAll               |    3000    |   570806    |  131656    |  1686
BenchmarkGoji_GithubAll                     |    2000    |   818034    |   56112    |   334
BenchmarkGojiv2_GithubAll                   |    2000    |  1213973    |  274768    |  3712
BenchmarkGoJsonRest_GithubAll               |    2000    |   785796    |  134371    |  2737
BenchmarkGoRestful_GithubAll                |     300    |  5238188    |  689672    |  4519
BenchmarkGorillaMux_GithubAll               |     100    | 10257726    |  211840    |  2272
BenchmarkHttpRouter_GithubAll               |   20000    |   105414    |   13792    |   167
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_GithubAll              |   10000    |   319934    |   65856    |   671
BenchmarkKocha_GithubAll                    |   10000    |   209442    |   23304    |   843
BenchmarkLARS_GithubAll                     |   20000    |    62565    |       0    |     0
BenchmarkMacaron_GithubAll                  |    2000    |  1161270    |  204194    |  2000
BenchmarkMartini_GithubAll                  |     200    |  9991713    |  226549    |  2325
BenchmarkPat_GithubAll                      |     200    |  5590793    | 1499568    | 27435
BenchmarkPossum_GithubAll                   |   10000    |   319768    |   84448    |   609
BenchmarkR2router_GithubAll                 |   10000    |   305134    |   77328    |   979
BenchmarkRivet_GithubAll                    |   10000    |   132134    |   16272    |   167
BenchmarkTango_GithubAll                    |    3000    |   552754    |   63826    |  1618
BenchmarkTigerTonic_GithubAll               |    1000    |  1439483    |  239104    |  5374
BenchmarkTraffic_GithubAll                  |     100    | 11383067    | 2659329    | 21848
BenchmarkVulcan_GithubAll                   |    5000    |   394253    |   19894    |   609

- (1): Total Repetitions achieved in constant time, higher means more confident result
- (2): Single Repetition Duration (ns/op), lower is better
- (3): Heap Memory (B/op), lower is better
- (4): Average Allocations per Repetition (allocs/op), lower is better

查看更多的数据，可以查看 Benchmarks .

数据很亮眼，在编程体验上 Gin 也是毫不逊色。你仅仅只需要引入包、定义路由、编写 Handler ，你的应用就搭建完成了。实际上你只需要对 gin.Context 这个结构有深刻认识，就可以使用 Gin 流畅的编写代码了。

Gin 的使用

安装和更新

首次安装，使用 go get命令获取即可。

//获取包:
vagrant@vagrant:/htdocs/go/src$ go get github.com/gin-gonic/gin
package golang.org/x/sys/unix: unrecognized import path "golang.org/x/sys/unix" (https fetch: Get https://golang.org/x/sys/unix?go-get=1: dial tcp 216.239.37.1:443: i/o timeout)

//查看go环境目录:
vagrant@vagrant:/etc/nginx/sites-available$ go env
GOARCH="amd64"
GOBIN=""
GOCACHE="/home/vagrant/.cache/go-build"
GOEXE=""
GOFLAGS=""
GOHOSTARCH="amd64"
GOHOSTOS="linux"
GOOS="linux"
GOPATH="/htdocs/go"
GOPROXY=""
GORACE=""
GOROOT="/usr/local/go"
GOTMPDIR=""
GOTOOLDIR="/usr/local/go/pkg/tool/linux_amd64"
GCCGO="gccgo"
CC="gcc"
CXX="g++"
CGO_ENABLED="1"
GOMOD=""
CGO_CFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_CPPFLAGS=""
CGO_CXXFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_FFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_LDFLAGS="-g -O2"
PKG_CONFIG="pkg-config"
GOGCCFLAGS="-fPIC -m64 -pthread -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=/tmp/go-build215351343=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches"

//创建golang.org/x目录:
vagrant@vagrant:/htdocs/go/src$ mkdir -p golang.org/x
vagrant@vagrant:/htdocs/go/src$ ll
total 4383

//重新拉取包:
vagrant@vagrant:/htdocs/go/src/golang.org/x$ git clone https://github.com/golang/sys.git
Cloning into 'sys'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 28, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (28/28), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (23/23), done.
remote: Total 8031 (delta 7), reused 14 (delta 5), pack-reused 8003
Receiving objects: 100% (8031/8031), 6.32 MiB | 122.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (6891/6891), done.
Checking connectivity... done.
Checking out files: 100% (426/426), done.

以上gin就安装好了，现在我们写个页面：api.go,内容如下：

package main

import (
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
   "net/http"
   "fmt"
)

type User struct {
   Username string `json: username`
   Password string `json: password`
}

var router *gin.Engine

func main() {
   router = gin.Default()
   initializeRoutes()
   router.Run()
}

func initializeRoutes() {
   router.POST("/api", handleVerification)
   router.OPTIONS("/api", handleVerification)
   router.GET("/api", handleGet)
}

func handleGet(c *gin.Context) {
   message, _ := c.GetQuery("m")
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "Get works! you sent: "+message)
}

func handleVerification(c *gin.Context) {
   if c.Request.Method == "OPTIONS" {
      // setup headers
      c.Header("Allow", "POST, GET, OPTIONS")
      c.Header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*")
      c.Header("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "origin, content-type, accept")
      c.Header("Content-Type", "application/json")
      c.Status(http.StatusOK)
   } else if c.Request.Method == "POST" {
      var u User
      c.BindJSON(&u)
      c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
         "user": u.Username,
         "pass": u.Password,
      })

      fmt.Printf("%+v\n", u.Username)
      fmt.Printf("%+v\n", u.Password)
   }
}

编写api.html文件，内容如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script>
        function init() {
            var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
            xhr.open('POST', 'http://lch.go.com/api');
            xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
            xhr.onload = function() {
                if (xhr.status === 200) {
                    console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText))
                }
            };
            xhr.send(JSON.stringify({
                username: 'yoshie',
                password: "456"
            }));
        }

    </script>
</head>
<body onload="init()">
</body>
</html>

 现在配置nginx,内容如下：

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name lch.go.com;
    #root "/htdocs/go/src/";

    charset utf-8;

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/lch.go.com-access.log;

    location ~ \.(css|js|fonts|png|svg|html|txt)$ {
        access_log on;
        expires 1d;
    
        root "/htdocs/go/src/";
        try_files $uri @backend;
    }
    
    #try_files $uri/index.html $uri.html $uri @backend;

    location / {
        try_files /_not_exists_ @backend;
    }

    location @backend {
        proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
        proxy_read_timeout 60s;
        client_max_body_size 2000m;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
    }
}
 

 

重启nginx,并运行api.go文件，通过浏览器访问：

 

 

 

以上就是搭建了golang nginx 代理服务器来访问接口