ORACLE时间日期的用法

ORACLE时间日期的用法

2007-03-14 09:50   标签:80 　分类:流水账 这是网上的某位仁兄整理的,俺只是怀着学习和发扬的善念将其移植过来,莫怪莫怪... TO_DATE格式 Day: dd number 12 dy abbreviated fri day spelled out friday ddspth spelled out, ordinal twelfth Month: mm number 03 mon abbreviated mar month spelled out march Year: yy two digits 98 yyyy four digits 1998 24小时格式下时间范围为： 0:00:00 - 23:59:59.... 12小时格式下时间范围为： 1:00:00 - 12:59:59 .... 1. 日期和字符转换函数用法（to_date,to_char） 2. select to_char( to_date(222,"J"),"Jsp") from dual 显示Two Hundred Twenty-Two 3. 求某天是星期几 select to_char(to_date("2002-08-26","yyyy-mm-dd"),"day") from dual; 星期一 select to_char(to_date("2002-08-26","yyyy-mm-dd"),"day","NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American") from dual; monday 设置日期语言 ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE="AMERICAN"; 也可以这样 TO_DATE ("2002-08-26", "YYYY-mm-dd", "NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American") 4. 两个日期间的天数 select floor(sysdate - to_date("20020405","yyyymmdd")) from dual; 5. 时间为null的用法 select id, active_date from table1 UNION select 1, TO_DATE(null) from dual; 注意要用TO_DATE(null) 6. a_date between to_date("20011201","yyyymmdd") and to_date("20011231","yyyymmdd") 那么12月31号中午12点之后和12月1号的12点之前是不包含在这个范围之内的。 所以，当时间需要精确的时候，觉得to_char还是必要的 7. 日期格式冲突问题 输入的格式要看你安装的ORACLE字符集的类型, 比如: US7ASCII, date格式的类型就是: "01-Jan-01" alter system set NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American alter session set NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American 或者在to_date中写 select to_char(to_date("2002-08-26","yyyy-mm-dd"),"day","NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American") from dual; 注意我这只是举了NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE，当然还有很多， 可查看 select * from nls_session_parameters select * from V$NLS_PARAMETERS 8. select count(*) from ( select rownum-1 rnum from all_objects where rownum <= to_date("2002-02-28","yyyy-mm-dd") - to_date("2002- 02-01","yyyy-mm-dd")+1 ) where to_char( to_date("2002-02-01","yyyy-mm-dd")+rnum-1, "D" ) not in ( "1", "7" ) 查找2002-02-28至2002-02-01间除星期一和七的天数 在前后分别调用DBMS_UTILITY.GET_TIME, 让后将结果相减(得到的是1/100秒, 而不是毫秒). 9. select months_between(to_date("01-31-1999","MM-DD-YYYY"), to_date("12-31-1998","MM-DD-YYYY")) "MONTHS" FROM DUAL; 1 select months_between(to_date("02-01-1999","MM-DD-YYYY"), to_date("12-31-1998","MM-DD-YYYY")) "MONTHS" FROM DUAL; 1.03225806451613 10. Next_day的用法 Next_day(date, day) Monday-Sunday, for format code DAY Mon-Sun, for format code DY 1-7, for format code D 11 select to_char(sysdate,"hh:mi:ss") TIME from all_objects 注意：第一条记录的TIME 与最后一行是一样的 可以建立一个函数来处理这个问题 create or replace function sys_date return date is begin return sysdate; end; select to_char(sys_date,"hh:mi:ss") from all_objects; 12. 获得小时数 SELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM TIMESTAMP "2001-02-16 2:38:40") from offer SQL> select sysdate ,to_char(sysdate,"hh") from dual; SYSDATE TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,"HH") -------------------- --------------------- 2003-10-13 19:35:21 07 SQL> select sysdate ,to_char(sysdate,"hh24") from dual; SYSDATE TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,"HH24") -------------------- ----------------------- 2003-10-13 19:35:21 19 获取年月日与此类似 13. 年月日的处理 select older_date, newer_date, years, months, abs( trunc( newer_date- add_months( older_date,years*12+months ) ) ) days from ( select trunc(months_between( newer_date, older_date )/12) YEARS, mod(trunc(months_between( newer_date, older_date )), 12 ) MONTHS, newer_date, older_date from ( select hiredate older_date, add_months(hiredate,rownum)+rownum newer_date from emp ) ) 14. 处理月份天数不定的办法 select to_char(add_months(last_day(sysdate) +1, -2), "yyyymmdd"),last_day(sysdate) from dual 16. 找出今年的天数 select add_months(trunc(sysdate,"year"), 12) - trunc(sysdate,"year") from dual 闰年的处理方法 to_char( last_day( to_date("02" :year,"mmyyyy") ), "dd" ) 如果是28就不是闰年 17. yyyy与rrrr的区别 "YYYY99 TO_C ------- ---- yyyy 99 0099 rrrr 99 1999 yyyy 01 0001 rrrr 01 2001 18.不同时区的处理 select to_char( NEW_TIME( sysdate, "GMT","EST"), "dd/mm/yyyy hh:mi:ss") ,sysdate from dual; 19. 5秒钟一个间隔 Select TO_DATE(FLOOR(TO_CHAR(sysdate,"SSSSS")/300) * 300,"SSSSS") ,TO_CHAR(sysdate,"SSSSS") from dual 2002-11-1 9:55:00 35786 SSSSS表示5位秒数 20. 一年的第几天 select TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,"DDD"),sysdate from dual 310 2002-11-6 10:03:51 21.计算小时,分,秒,毫秒 select Days, A, TRUNC(A*24) Hours, TRUNC(A*24*60 - 60*TRUNC(A*24)) Minutes, TRUNC(A*24*60*60 - 60*TRUNC(A*24*60)) Seconds, TRUNC(A*24*60*60*100 - 100*TRUNC(A*24*60*60)) mSeconds from ( select trunc(sysdate) Days, sysdate - trunc(sysdate) A from dual ) select * from tabname order by decode(mode,"FIFO",1,-1)*to_char(rq,"yyyymmddhh24miss"); // floor((date2-date1) /365) 作为年 floor((date2-date1, 365) /30) 作为月 mod(mod(date2-date1, 365), 30)作为日. 23.next_day函数 next_day(sysdate,6)是从当前开始下一个星期五。后面的数字是从星期日开始算起。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 日 一 二 三 四 五 六 总结的相当到位了,HOHO,偷点懒,记不住的时候就来查查