032 Rust死灵书之Vec的IntoIter

介绍

本系列录制的视频主要放在B站上Rust死灵书学习视频

Rust 死灵书相关的源码资料在https://github.com/anonymousGiga/Rustonomicon-Source

详细内容

IntoIter 以值而不是引用的形式访问 Vec，同时也是以值的形式返回元素。为了实现这一点，IntoIter 需要获取 Vec 的分配空间的所有权。

IntoIter 也需要 DoubleEnd，即从两个方向读数据。

相关代码如下：

#![feature(ptr_internals)]
use std::mem;
use std::alloc::{alloc, realloc, dealloc, Layout, handle_alloc_error};
use std::ptr::{Unique, self};
use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
use std::slice;

struct IntoIter<T> {
	buf: Unique<T>,
	cap: usize,
	start: *const T,
	end: *const T,
}

impl<T> Drop for IntoIter<T> {
	fn drop(&mut self) {
		if self.cap != 0 {
			for _ in &mut *self {}

			let align = mem::align_of::<T>();
			let elem_size = mem::size_of::<T>();
			let num_bytes = elem_size * self.cap;
			
			unsafe {
				let layout: Layout = Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(num_bytes, align);
				dealloc(self.buf.as_ptr() as *mut _, layout)
			}
		}
	}
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct MyVec<T> {
    ptr: Unique<T>,
    cap: usize,
    len: usize,
}

impl<T> MyVec<T> {
    fn new() -> Self {
        assert!(mem::size_of::<T>() != 0, "还没准备好处理零尺寸类型");
        MyVec { ptr: Unique::dangling(), len: 0, cap: 0 }
    }

	fn grow(&mut self) {
	    unsafe {
	        let align = mem::align_of::<T>();
	        let elem_size = mem::size_of::<T>();
			let layout: Layout;
	
	        let (new_cap, ptr) = if self.cap == 0 {
				layout = Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(elem_size, align);
        		let ptr = alloc(layout);
	            (1, ptr)
	        } else {
	            let new_cap = self.cap * 2;
	            let old_num_bytes = self.cap * elem_size;

	            assert!(old_num_bytes <= (isize::MAX as usize) / 2,
	                    "capacity overflow");
	
	            let new_num_bytes = old_num_bytes * 2;
				layout = Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(new_num_bytes, align);
	            let ptr = realloc(self.ptr.as_ptr() as *mut _,
	                              	layout,
	                                new_num_bytes);
	            (new_cap, ptr)
	        };
	
	        if ptr.is_null() { handle_alloc_error(layout); }
	
			if let Some(ptr) = Unique::new(ptr as *mut _) {
	        	self.ptr = ptr;
			} else {
				panic!("error!");
			}
	        self.cap = new_cap;
	    }
	}
	
	fn push(&mut self, elem: T) {
    	if self.len == self.cap { 
			self.grow(); 
		}

		//关键点在于要直接覆盖，因为不知道内存之前是否有东西
    	unsafe {
    	    ptr::write(self.ptr.as_ptr().offset(self.len as isize), elem);
    	}

    	self.len += 1;
	}

	fn pop(&mut self) -> Option<T> {
    	if self.len == 0 {
    	    None
    	} else {
    	    self.len -= 1;
    	    unsafe {
    	        Some(ptr::read(self.ptr.as_ptr().offset(self.len as isize)))
    	    }
    	}
	}
	
	fn insert(&mut self, index: usize, elem: T) {
		assert!(index <= self.len, "越界");
    	if self.cap == self.len { 
			self.grow(); 
		}

		unsafe {
			if index < self.len {
				ptr::copy(self.ptr.as_ptr().offset(index as isize),
						self.ptr.as_ptr().offset((index as isize) + 1),
						self.len - index);
			}
			ptr::write(self.ptr.as_ptr().offset(index as isize), elem);
			self.len += 1;
		}
	}

	fn remove(&mut self, index: usize) -> T {
		assert!(index < self.len, "越界");
		unsafe {
			self.len -= 1;
			let result = ptr::read(self.ptr.as_ptr().offset(index as isize));
			ptr::copy(self.ptr.as_ptr().offset(index as isize + 1), 
					self.ptr.as_ptr().offset(index as isize),
					self.len - index);
			result
		}
	}

	fn into_iter(self) -> IntoIter<T> {
		let ptr = self.ptr;
		let cap = self.cap;
		let len = self.len;

		mem::forget(self);

		unsafe {
			IntoIter {
				buf: ptr,
				cap: cap,
				start: ptr.as_ptr(),
				end: if cap == 0 {
					ptr.as_ptr()
				} else {
					ptr.as_ptr().offset(len as isize)
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

impl<T> Drop for MyVec<T> {
	fn drop(&mut self) {
		if self.cap != 0 {
			while let Some(_) = self.pop() {}
			
			let align = mem::align_of::<T>();
			let elem_size = mem::size_of::<T>();
			let num_bytes = elem_size * self.cap;
			
			unsafe {
				let layout: Layout = Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(num_bytes, align);
				dealloc(self.ptr.as_ptr() as *mut _, layout)
			}

			println!("release memory in drop function!");
		}
	}
}

impl<T> Deref for MyVec<T> {
	type Target = [T];
	fn deref(&self) -> &[T] {
		unsafe {
			slice::from_raw_parts(self.ptr.as_ptr(), self.len)
		}
	}
}

impl<T> DerefMut for MyVec<T> {
	fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [T] {
		unsafe {
			slice::from_raw_parts_mut(self.ptr.as_ptr(), self.len)
		}
	}
}

//为IntoIter实现迭代器
impl<T> Iterator for IntoIter<T> {
	type Item = T;
	fn next(&mut self) -> Option<T> {
		if self.start == self.end {
			None
		} else {
			unsafe {
				let result = ptr::read(self.start);
				self.start = self.start.offset(1);
				Some(result)
			}
		}
	}

	fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
		let len = (self.end as usize - self.start as usize) 
				/ mem::size_of::<T>();
		(len, Some(len))
	}
}

impl<T> DoubleEndedIterator for IntoIter<T> {
	fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<T> {
		if self.start == self.end {
			None
		} else {
			unsafe {
				self.end = self.end.offset(-1);
				Some(ptr::read(self.end))
			}
		}
	}
}

	
fn main() {
	{
		let mut vec: MyVec<i32> = MyVec::new();
		vec.push(8);
		vec.push(7);
		vec.push(6);
		
		while let Some(v) = vec.pop() {
			println!("v == {}", v);
		}

		vec.push(8);
		vec.push(7);
		vec.push(6);
		
		let s = &vec[1..];
		println!("s[0] == {}", s[0]);

		let s = &mut vec[1..];
		s[0] = 10;
		println!("s[0] == {}", s[0]);

		println!("-------------------------------");
		let mut vec2: MyVec<i32> = MyVec::new();
		vec2.push(1);
		vec2.push(2);
		vec2.push(3);
		//打印
		//while let Some(v) = vec2.pop() {
		//	println!("v == {}", v);
		//}

		vec2.insert(1, 11);
		let ret = vec2.remove(2);
		println!("remove elem: {}", ret);
		//打印
		while let Some(v) = vec2.pop() {
			println!("v == {}", v);
		}

		
		println!("-------------------------------");
		let mut vec3: MyVec<i32> = MyVec::new();
		vec3.push(1);
		vec3.push(2);
		vec3.push(3);
		vec3.push(4);
		let iter = vec3.iter();

		for val in iter {
		    println!("Got: {}", val);
		}

		println!("-------------------------------");
		let iter3: IntoIter<i32> = vec3.into_iter();
		for mut val in iter3 {
		    println!("Got: {}", val);
			val = 111;
		    println!("Got: {}", val);
		}

		println!("-------------------------------");
		let mut vec4: MyVec<i32> = MyVec::new();
		vec4.push(1);
		vec4.push(2);
		let mut iter4: IntoIter<i32> = vec4.into_iter();
		while let Some(val) = iter4.next_back() {
		    println!("Got: {}", val);
		}
		
	}
	
    println!("Hello, world!");
}