泛型通配符 ？的用法

<pre name="code" class="java">package com.atbriup.generic;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;

/**
 * 泛型(通配符) ?
 *  ? extends E: 
 *  ? super E:
 * 
 * @author： 2015年8月3日下午9:45:23
 */
public class GenericDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 泛型如果明确的写的时候，前后必须一致
		Collection<Object> c1 = new ArrayList<Object>();
		// Collection<Object> c2= new ArrayList<Animal>();  //编译报错
		// Collection<Object> c3= new ArrayList<Dog>(); //编译报错
		// Collection<Object> c4= new ArrayList<Cat>();//编译报错
		// ?表示任意的类型都是可以的
		Collection<?> c5 = new ArrayList<Object>();
		Collection<?> c6 = new ArrayList<Animal>();
		Collection<?> c7 = new ArrayList<Dog>();
		Collection<?> c8 = new ArrayList<Cat>();

		//? extends E :向下限定， E及其子类
		//Collection<? extends Animal> c9 = new ArrayList<Object>(); //编译报错
		Collection<? extends Animal> c10 = new ArrayList<Animal>();
		Collection<? extends Animal> c11 = new ArrayList<Dog>();
		Collection<? extends Animal> c12 = new ArrayList<Cat>();
		
		//? super E : 向上限定, E及其父类
		Collection<? super Animal> c13 = new ArrayList<Object>();
		Collection<? super Animal> c14 = new ArrayList<Animal>();
//		Collection<? super Animal> c15 = new ArrayList<Dog>(); //编译报错
//		Collection<? super Animal> c16 = new ArrayList<Cat>(); //编译报错

	}
}

class Animal {
}

class Dog extends Animal {
}

class Cat extends Animal {
}