springboot中request和response的加解密实现

在系统开发中，需要对请求和响应分别拦截下来进行解密和加密处理，在springboot中提供了RequestBodyAdviceAdapter和ResponseBodyAdvice，利用这两个工具可以非常方便的对请求和响应进行预处理。
1、新建一个springboot工程，pom依赖如下

	<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

2、自定义加密、解密的注解

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface Encrypt {
}

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.PARAMETER})
public @interface Decrypt {
}

其中加密注解放在方法上，解密注解可以放在方法上，也可以放在参数上。
3、加密算法
定义一个加密工具类，加密算法分为对称加密和非对称加密，本次使用java自带的Ciphor来实现对称加密，使用AES算法，如下

public class AESUtils {

    private static final String AES_ALGORITHM = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";

    private static final String key = "1234567890abcdef";

    /**
     * 获取 cipher
     * @param key
     * @param model
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static Cipher getCipher(byte[] key, int model) throws Exception {
        SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES_ALGORITHM);
        cipher.init(model, secretKeySpec);
        return cipher;
    }

    /**
     * AES加密
     * @param data
     * @param key
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = getCipher(key, Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE);
        return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(cipher.doFinal(data));
    }

    /**
     * AES解密
     * @param data
     * @param key
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = getCipher(key, Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE);
        return cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data));
    }

}

其中加密后的数据使用Base64算法进行编码，获取可读字符串；解密的输入也是一个Base64编码之后的字符串，先进行解码再进行解密。
4、对请求数据进行解密处理

@EnableConfigurationProperties(KeyProperties.class)
@ControllerAdvice
public class DecryptRequest extends RequestBodyAdviceAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private KeyProperties keyProperties;

    /**
     * 该方法用于判断当前请求，是否要执行beforeBodyRead方法
     *
     * @param methodParameter handler方法的参数对象
     * @param targetType      handler方法的参数类型
     * @param converterType   将会使用到的Http消息转换器类类型
     * @return 返回true则会执行beforeBodyRead
     */
    @Override
    public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
        return methodParameter.hasMethodAnnotation(Decrypt.class) || methodParameter.hasParameterAnnotation(Decrypt.class);
    }

    /**
     * 在Http消息转换器执转换，之前执行
     * @param inputMessage
     * @param parameter
     * @param targetType
     * @param converterType
     * @return 返回 一个自定义的HttpInputMessage
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Override
    public HttpInputMessage beforeBodyRead(final HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) throws IOException {
        byte[] body = new byte[inputMessage.getBody().available()];
        inputMessage.getBody().read(body);
        try {
            byte[] keyBytes = keyProperties.getKey().getBytes();
            byte[] decrypt = AESUtils.decrypt(body, keyBytes);
            final ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(decrypt);
            return new HttpInputMessage() {
                @Override
                public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
                    return byteArrayInputStream;
                }

                @Override
                public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
                    return inputMessage.getHeaders();
                }
            };
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return super.beforeBodyRead(inputMessage, parameter, targetType, converterType);
    }
}

5、对响应数据进行加密处理

@EnableConfigurationProperties(KeyProperties.class)
@ControllerAdvice
public class EncryptResponse implements ResponseBodyAdvice<RespBean> {

    private ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();

    @Autowired
    private KeyProperties keyProperties;

    /**
     * 该方法用于判断当前请求的返回值，是否要执行beforeBodyWrite方法
     *
     * @param methodParameter handler方法的参数对象
     * @param converterType   将会使用到的Http消息转换器类类型
     * @return 返回true则会执行beforeBodyWrite
     */
    @Override
    public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
        return methodParameter.hasMethodAnnotation(Encrypt.class);
    }

    /**
     * 在Http消息转换器执转换，之前执行
     * @param body
     * @param returnType
     * @param selectedContentType
     * @param selectedConverterType
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return 返回 一个自定义的HttpInputMessage，可以为null，表示没有任何响应
     */
    @Override
    public RespBean beforeBodyWrite(RespBean body, MethodParameter returnType, MediaType selectedContentType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> selectedConverterType, ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response) {
        byte[] keyBytes = keyProperties.getKey().getBytes();
        try {
            if (body.getMsg() != null) {
                body.setMsg(AESUtils.encrypt(body.getMsg().getBytes(), keyBytes));
            }
            if (body.getObj() != null) {
                body.setObj(AESUtils.encrypt(objectMapper.writeValueAsBytes(body.getObj()), keyBytes));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return body;
    }
}

6、加解密的key的配置类，从配置文件中读取

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.encrypt")
public class KeyProperties {

    private final static String DEFAULT_KEY = "1234567890abcdef";
    private String key = DEFAULT_KEY;

    public String getKey() {
        return key;
    }

    public void setKey(String key) {
        this.key = key;
    }
}

7、测试
application中的key配置

spring.encrypt.key=1234567890abcdef

	@GetMapping("/user")
    @Encrypt
    public RespBean getUser() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(1L);
        user.setUsername("caocao");
        return RespBean.ok("ok", user);
    }

    @PostMapping("/user")
    public RespBean addUser(@RequestBody @Decrypt User user) {
        System.out.println("user = " + user);
        return RespBean.ok("ok", user);
    }

测试结果


其中get请求的接口使用了@Encrypt注解，对响应数据进行了加密处理；post请求的接口使用了@Decrypt注解作用在参数上，对请求数据进行了解密处理。