机器学习之 Linear Regression

   出现问题在最后的一个小程序上，卡了半天，莫名其妙的算不对数，最后多次尝试，终于发现是。。。吧X*theta-y这一样挪到外面用一个参数来表示，才能把数算对。。。也不知道为啥是这样才能算对。。。可能是计算过程发生了一点变化？？还是一个bug？？
   PS：附上代码

warmUpExercise.m
function A = warmUpExercise()
%WARMUPEXERCISE Example function in octave
% A = WARMUPEXERCISE() is an example function that returns the 5x5 identity matrix

A = [];
% ============= YOUR CODE HERE ==============
% Instructions: Return the 5x5 identity matrix
% In octave, we return values by defining which variables
% represent the return values (at the top of the file)
% and then set them accordingly.

A = eye(5);

% ===========================================

end

plotData.m

function plotData(x, y)
%PLOTDATA Plots the data points x and y into a new figure 
%   PLOTDATA(x,y) plots the data points and gives the figure axes labels of
%   population and profit.

figure; % open a new figure window

% ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================
% Instructions: Plot the training data into a figure using the 
%               "figure" and "plot" commands. Set the axes labels using
%               the "xlabel" and "ylabel" commands. Assume the 
%               population and revenue data have been passed in
%               as the x and y arguments of this function.
%
% Hint: You can use the 'rx' option with plot to have the markers
%       appear as red crosses. Furthermore, you can make the
%       markers larger by using plot(..., 'rx', 'MarkerSize', 10);

plot(x,y,'rx','MarkerSize',10);
ylabel('Profit');
xlabel('Population')

%plot(x, y, 'rx', 'MarkerSize', 10); % Plot the data 
%ylabel('Profit in $10,000s'); % Set the y−axis label 
%xlabel('Population of City in 10,000s'); % Set the x−axis label 


% ============================================================

end

computeCost.m

function J = computeCost(X, y, theta)
%COMPUTECOST Compute cost for linear regression
%   J = COMPUTECOST(X, y, theta) computes the cost of using theta as the
%   parameter for linear regression to fit the data points in X and y

% Initialize some useful values
m = length(y); % number of training examples

% You need to return the following variables correctly 
J = 0;

% ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================
% Instructions: Compute the cost of a particular choice of theta
%               You should set J to the cost.

h=X*theta-y;
J=sum(h.*h)/2/m;



% =========================================================================

end

gradientDescent.m

function [theta, J_history] = gradientDescent(X, y, theta, alpha, num_iters)
%GRADIENTDESCENT Performs gradient descent to learn theta
%   theta = GRADIENTDESCENT(X, y, theta, alpha, num_iters) updates theta by 
%   taking num_iters gradient steps with learning rate alpha

% Initialize some useful values
m = length(y); % number of training examples
J_history = zeros(num_iters, 1);

for iter = 1:num_iters

    % ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================
    % Instructions: Perform a single gradient step on the parameter vector
    %               theta. 
    %
    % Hint: While debugging, it can be useful to print out the values
    %       of the cost function (computeCost) and gradient here.
    %

    
    h=X*theta-y;
      
    theta(1)=theta(1)-alpha*(1/m)*sum(h.*X(:,1));
    theta(2)=theta(2)-alpha*(1/m)*sum(h.*X(:,2));
   

    % ============================================================

    % Save the cost J in every iteration    
    J_history(iter) = computeCost(X, y, theta);

end

end