（standard c libraries translation ）strspn

strspn, strcspn - search a string for a set of bytes
strspn,strcspn-在字符串中查找字节序列

所需头文件
#include <string.h>

size_t strspn(const char *s, const char *accept);
size_t strcspn(const char *s, const char *reject);

The strspn() function calculates the length (in bytes) of the initial segment of s which consists entirely of bytes in accept.
The strcspn() function calculates the length of the initial segment of s which consists entirely of bytes not in reject.
strspn函数计算从字符串s开始完全包含于accpet字符串的字符长度

strcspn函数计算从字符串s开始完全不包含与accept字符串的字符长度

testcase如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
    const char *s1 = "123abcdefg";
    const char *s2 = "ab";
    const char *s3 = "12";

    int tmp1 = strcspn(s1, s2);
    int tmp2 = strspn(s1, s3);
    printf("tmp1 = %d\n", tmp1);
    printf("tmp2 = %d\n", tmp2);
    return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

cheny.le@cheny-ThinkPad-T420:~/cheny/testCode$ ./a.out
tmp1 = 3
tmp2 = 2

可以看到从“123abcdefg”开始完全不包含于“ab”字符串的字符是123三个，所以tmp1的值是3

从“123abcdefg”开始完全包含于“12”字符串的字符是12两个，所以tmp2的值是2