Spring入门2----DI的各种类型变量注入方法

Dependency Injection，依赖注入
简单来说什么是依赖注入，就是给属性赋值（包括基本数据类型和引用数据类型）
这里我们定义一个类，里面包含了我们常见的数据类型，顺便定了getter和setter
里面包含常量String ，int double这种
以及数组和集合
另外就是其他的类的实例，这里给其他类的实例赋值

public class Student {

	private String name;
	// 类
	private Address address;
	//字符串数组
	private String[] books;
	
	private List<String> hobbies;
	private Set<String> games;
	private Map<String, Long> cards;
	
	private String wife;
	
	private Properties info;
	
	public void show() {
		System.out.println("Student's name = " + name + ",address = "
				+ address.getAddress());
		//数组
		System.out.print("books = ");

		for (String string : books) {
			System.out.print(string + "  ");
		}
		System.out.println();
		//集合
		System.out.println("hobbies = " + hobbies);
		
		System.out.println("games = " + games);

		System.out.println("bank cards = " + cards);

		System.out.println("wife = " + wife);

		System.out.println("info = " + info);
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Address getAddress() {
		return address;
	}
	public void setAddress(Address address) {
		this.address = address;
	}
	public String[] getBooks() {
		return books;
	}
	public void setBooks(String[] books) {
		this.books = books;
	}
	public List<String> getHobbies() {
		return hobbies;
	}
	public void setHobbies(List<String> hobbies) {
		this.hobbies = hobbies;
	}
	public Set<String> getGames() {
		return games;
	}
	public void setGames(Set<String> games) {
		this.games = games;
	}
	public Map<String, Long> getCards() {
		return cards;
	}
	public void setCards(Map<String, Long> cards) {
		this.cards = cards;
	}
	public String getWife() {
		return wife;
	}
	public void setWife(String wife) {
		this.wife = wife;
	}
	public Properties getInfo() {
		return info;
	}
	public void setInfo(Properties info) {
		this.info = info;
	}
｝

类注入
当然首先要有这个类才行
上面的Address类

public class Address {
	private String address;
	
	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}
	
	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}

首先要在xml文件中定义这个类
这个是这个Address类的bean，通过后面的class看
①

	<!-- 类注入 -->
	<bean id="address" class="com.dn.di.Address">
		<property name="address" value="上海" />
	</bean>

这个是我们定义要注入的类的bean，通过后面的class看
②

<bean id="student" class="com.dn.di.Student">
</bean>

把①放到②里面

<bean id="student" class="com.dn.di.Student">
	<property name="address" ref="address" />
</bean>

这里面property是对象名
这个类注入就算有那么一点点复杂的注入了，但是两行代码还是搞定了，所以其他的也同理，注意一下格式就好了，所以整体的配置文件就是这个样子的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<!-- 创建对象的第一种方式：利用无参构造器 id:唯一标识符 class:类的全类名 -->
	<bean id="helloIoc" class="com.dn.ioc.HelloIocContructor"></bean>
	<!-- 别名属性 name：和bean的 id 属性对应 -->
	<alias name="helloIoc" alias="helloIoc2" />

	<!-- 创建对象的第二种方式：利用静态工厂方法 id的名字随便取 -->
	<bean id="helloStaticFactory" factory-method="getInstances"
		class="com.dn.ioc.HelloIocStaticFactory"></bean>


	<!-- 创建对象的第三种方法：利用实例工厂方法 -->
	<bean id="instanceFactory" class="com.dn.ioc.HelloInstanceFactory"></bean>
	<bean id="instance" factory-bean="instanceFactory" factory-method="getInstance"></bean>

	<!-- DI依赖注入 -->

	<!-- bean中的id不能重复 ，所以把同一个类的注入都写到一个bean里面 -->
	<bean id="student" class="com.dn.di.Student">
		<!-- property是对象名 -->

		<!-- 常量注入 -->
		<property name="name" value="名字" />

		<!-- 类注入 -->
		<property name="address" ref="address" />

		<!-- 数组注入 -->
		<property name="books">
			<array>
				<value>傲慢与偏见</value>
				<value>基督山伯爵</value>
				<value>钢铁是怎样炼成的</value>
			</array>
		</property>

		<!-- List注入 -->
		<property name="hobbies">
			<list>
				<value>看书</value>
				<value>听歌</value>
				<value>协作</value>
			</list>
		</property>

		<!-- Map注入 -->
		<property name="cards">
			<map>
				<!-- 第一种写法 -->
				<entry key="招商银行" value="6214586873865814" />
				<!-- 第二种写法 -->
				<entry>
					<key>
						<value>工商银行</value>
					</key>
					<value>132164612231684684</value>
				</entry>
			</map>
		</property>
		
		<!-- Null注入 -->
		<property name="wife">
			<null/>
		</property>
		
		<!-- Properties注入 -->
		<property name="info">
			<props>
				<prop key="学号">20190828001</prop>
				<prop key="sex">男</prop>
				<prop key="name">名字</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 类注入 -->
	<bean id="address" class="com.dn.di.Address">
		<property name="address" value="上海" />
	</bean>
</beans>

最后自己再定义一个测试类

public class DITest {

	public static void testSet(){
		//1.启动spring容器
		//2.从spring容器中取出数据
		//3.通过对象调用方法
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		Student Student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
		Student.show();;
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		DITest.testSet();
	}
}

结果

实例工厂方法构造函数
Student's name = 名字,address = 上海
books = 傲慢与偏见  基督山伯爵  钢铁是怎样炼成的  
hobbies = [看书, 听歌, 协作]
games = null
bank cards = {招商银行=6214586873865814, 工商银行=132164612231684684}
wife = null
info = {学号=20190828001, name=名字, sex=男}