Hibernate之主键生成策略

Hibernate之主键生成策略

1. hibernate的主键生成器:
**generator元素：**表示了一个主键生成器，它用来为持久化类实例生成唯一的标识 。
1.1 程序员自己控制：assigned
1.2 数据库控制: identity(标识列/自动增长) sequence
1.3 hibernate控制:increment uuid/uuid.hex
1.4 其它:native: 等于identity+sequence
2. 主键生成器要求
2.1 assigned
数据类型不限、保存前必须赋值
2.2 identity(重点掌握)
数字，无需赋值
2.3 sequence(重点掌握)
数字，无需赋值， 默认使hibernate_sequence这个序列，
也可以通过sequence/sequence_name参数赋值
2.4 increment
数字，无需赋值
2.5 uuid/uuid.hex (是由容器自动生成的一个32位的字符串，.hex代表的是十六进制)
32位的字符串，无需赋值，
2.6 native(重点掌握)
等于identity+sequence

案例：myincrement/myts

导入工具类：SessionFactoryUtils.java
本工具类的作用：
1.简化代码的书写
2.检测hibernate相关的配置是否正确

package com.lzy.two.uity;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
/**
 * 本工具类的作用：
 * 1.简化代码的书写
 * 2.检测hibernate相关的配置是否正确
 * @author 
 *
 */
public class SessionFactoryUtils {
 private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
 static {
  Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
  sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
 }
 public static Session openSession() {
  Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
  if(session == null) {
   session = sessionFactory.openSession();
  }
  return session;
 }
 public static void closeSession() {
  Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
  if(session != null && session.isOpen()) {
   session.close();
  }
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
  session.beginTransaction();
  System.out.println(session.isConnected());
  SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
  System.out.println(session.isConnected());
 }
}

 ![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190829171520991.png)

实体类 Student.java

package com.lzy、.two.entity;
public class Student {
 private Integer sid;
 private String sname;
 public Integer getSid() {
  return sid;
 }
 public void setSid(Integer sid) {
  this.sid = sid;
 }
 public String getSname() {
  return sname;
 }
 public void setSname(String sname) {
  this.sname = sname;
 }
 @Override
 public String toString() {
  return "Student [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + "]";
 }
}

Worker.java

package com.lzy.two.entity;
public class Worker {
 private String wid;
 private String wname;
 public String getWid() {
  return wid;
 }
 public void setWid(String wid) {
  this.wid = wid;
 }
 public String getWname() {
  return wname;
 }
 public void setWname(String wname) {
  this.wname = wname;
 }
 @Override
 public String toString() {
  return "Worker [wid=" + wid + ", wname=" + wname + "]";
 }
}

配置文件Student.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
 <class name="com.lzy.two.entity.Student" table="t_hibernate_student">
  <id name="sid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="sid">
   <!-- <generator class="assigned" /> -->
  <!-- <generator class="increment" />  -->
  <generator class="identity" /> 
   <!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
   <!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
    </generator> -->
   <!-- <generator class="com.lzy.two.id.Myts" /> -->
  </id>
  <property name="sname" type="java.lang.String" column="sname">
  </property>
 </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Worker.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
 <class name="com.lzy.two.entity.Worker" table="t_hibernate_worker">
  <id name="wid" type="java.lang.String" column="wid">
  <!--  <generator class="uuid" /> -->
   <!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
   <!-- <generator class="sequence" >
    <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
    </generator> -->
    <generator class="com.lzy.two.id.Myts" /> 
  </id>
  <property name="wname" type="java.lang.String" column="wname">
  </property>
 </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

在hibernate.cfg.xml中配置

<!-- 讲解主键生成策略 -->
		<mapping resource="com/lzy/two/entity/Student.hbm.xml"/>
		<mapping resource="com/lzy/two/entity/Worker.hbm.xml"/>

DemoDao.java

package com.lzy.two.dao;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.lzy.two.entity.Student;
import com.lzy.two.entity.Worker;
import com.lzy.two.uity.SessionFactoryUtils;
public class DemoDao {
 /**
  * 新增学生
  * @param stu
  */
 public Serializable addStu(Student stu) {
  Session session=SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
  Transaction transaction=session.beginTransaction();
  Serializable save=session.save(stu);
  transaction.commit();
  SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
  return save;
 }
 /**
  * 新增工人
  * @param stu
  * @return
  */
 public Serializable addWorker(Worker worker) {
  Session session=SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
  Transaction transaction=session.beginTransaction();
  Serializable save=session.save(worker);
  transaction.commit();
  SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
  return save;
 }
}

id生成器Myts.java（实现 IdentifierGenerator接口）

package com.lzy.two.id;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.engine.spi.SharedSessionContractImplementor;
import org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator;
public class Myts implements IdentifierGenerator {
 @Override
 public Serializable generate(SharedSessionContractImplementor arg0, Object arg1) throws HibernateException {
  SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
  return "book_day_"+sdf.format(new Date());
 }
}

测试包DemoDaoTest.java

package com.lzy.two.dao;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.lzy.two.entity.Student;
import com.lzy.two.entity.Worker;
public class DemoDaoTest {
    private DemoDao dao=new DemoDao();
 @Before
 public void setUp() throws Exception {
  //System.out.println("测试所有要测试的方法之前都会执行的内容（一般用来初始化数据所用）");
 }
 @After
 public void tearDown() throws Exception {
  //System.out.println("测试所有要测试的方法之后都会执行的内容（一般用来释放资源所用）");
 }
 @Test
 public void testAddStu() {
  Student stu=new Student();
  stu.setSname("黎明");
  stu.setSid(80);
  dao.addStu(stu);
 }
 @Test
 public void testAddWorker() {
  Worker worker=new Worker();
  worker.setWname("你是豬嗎");
  worker.setWid("sbdd");
  Serializable wid=dao.addWorker(worker);
  System.out.println(wid);
 }
}