学习内容:
案例描述: 实现一个通用的数组类,要求如下:
1.可以对内置数据类型以及自定义数据类型的数据进行存储
2.将数组中的数据存储到堆区
3.构造函数中可以传入数组的容量
4.提供对应的拷贝构造函数以及operator防止浅拷贝问题
5.提供尾插法和尾删法对数组中的数据进行增加和删除
6.可以通过下标的方式访问数组中的元素
7.可以获取数组总当前元素个数和数组的容量
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/XiaoQiu__/article/details/123078459
创建 myarray.hpp
myarray.hpp代码如下:
#pragma once //防止重复引用造成二义性
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
class myarray
{
public:
myarray(int capacity)//有参构造(参数:容量)
{
this->m_capacity = capacity;
this->m_size = 0;
this->paddress = new T[this->m_capacity];//在堆区开辟数组空间
}
myarray(const myarray& arr)
{
this->m_capacity = arr.m_capacity;
this->m_size = arr.m_size;
this->paddress = new T[arr.m_capacity];
//拷贝arr中的数据
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_size; i++)
{
this->paddress[i] = arr.paddress[i];
}
}
//operator 重载=号运算符 实现对象属性拷贝
myarray& operator=(const myarray& arr)
{
//判断数组是否为空
if(this->paddress!=NULL)
{
delete[]this->paddress;
this->paddress = NULL;
this->m_capacity = 0;
this->m_size = 0;
}
//深拷贝
this->m_capacity = arr.m_capacity;
this->m_size = arr.m_size;
this->paddress = new T[arr.m_capacity];
//拷贝arr中的数据
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_size; i++)
{
this->paddress[i] = arr.paddress[i];
}
return *this;//返回自身
}
//尾插法
void Push_Back(const T & val)
{
//判断容量是否等于大小
if (this->m_capacity==this->m_size)
{
return;
}
this->paddress[this->m_size] = val;//在数组末尾插入数据
this->m_size++;//更新数组大小
}
//尾删法
void Pop_back()
{
if (this->m_size==0)
{
return;
}
this->m_size--;
}
//通过下标方式访问数组中的元素
T& operator[](int index)
{
return this->paddress[index];
}
//返回数组容量
int getcapacity()
{
return this->m_capacity;
}
//返回数组大小
int getSize()
{
return this->m_size;
}
//析构函数
~myarray()
{
if (this->paddress!=NULL)
{
delete[]this->paddress;
this->paddress = NULL;
}
}
private:
T * paddress; //指针指向堆区开辟的真实数组
int m_capacity;//数组容量
int m_size; //数组大小
};
创建类模板案例-数组类封装.cpp
代码如下:
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
#include "myarray.hpp"
void printIntArray(myarray <int> & arr1)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr1.getSize(); i++)
{
cout << arr1[i]<<" ";
}
cout << endl;
}
void test()
{
myarray <int> arr1(10);
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
//利用尾插法向数组插入数据
arr1.Push_Back(i);
}
cout << "arr1的打印输出为:" << endl;
printIntArray(arr1);
cout << "arr1的容量为:" << arr1.getcapacity() << endl;
cout << "arr1的大小为:" << arr1.getSize() << endl;
myarray<int> arr2(arr1);
cout << "arr2的打印输出:" << endl;
printIntArray(arr2);
//尾删
arr2.Pop_back();
cout << "尾删后:" << endl;
cout << "arr2的容量为:" << arr2.getcapacity() << endl;
cout << "arr2的大小为:" << arr2.getSize() << endl;
}
//测试自定义数据类型
class Person
{
public:
Person(){};//无参构造函数
Person(string name,int age)
{
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Age = age;
}
string m_Name;
int m_Age;
};
void printPersonArray(myarray<Person>& arr)
{
cout << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.getSize(); i++)
{
cout << " 姓名: " << arr[i].m_Name << " 年龄: " << arr[i].m_Age << endl;
}
}
void test1()
{
myarray<Person> arr(10);
Person p1("小明", 2);
Person p2("小张", 5);
Person p3("小虎", 4);
Person p4("小红", 2);
Person p5("小赵", 4);
//将数据插入到数组中
arr.Push_Back(p1);
arr.Push_Back(p2);
arr.Push_Back(p3);
arr.Push_Back(p4);
arr.Push_Back(p5);
printPersonArray(arr);
//容量大小
cout << "arr的容量大小为:" << arr.getcapacity() << endl;
//数组大小
cout << "arr的数组大小为:" << arr.getSize() << endl;
}
int main()
{
test();
test1();
return 0;
}