JavaWeb 通过配置切换底层存储源

本文为学习佟刚JavaWeb MVC模式笔记

A 深入理解面向接口编程：在类中调用接口的方法，而不必关心具体的实现。这将有利于代码的解耦。使程序有更好的可移植性和可扩展性

B动态修改Customer的存储方式：通过修改类路径下的switch.properties文件的方式来实现

1 .CustomerServlet中不能在通过privateCustomerDAOcustomerDAO= new CustomerDAOXMLImpl();的方式来写死实现类

2 . 需要通过一个类的一个方法来获取具体的实现类的对象

C  当前 WEB 应用才启动的时候，InitServlet 被创建，并由 Servlet 容器调用其 init() 方法：

1.读取类路径下的switch.properties 文件

2.获取 switch.properties 的 type 属性值

3.赋给了 CustomerDAOFactory 的 type 属性值

InitServlet.java如下：

<span style="font-size:14px;">package com.ali.mvc.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import com.ali.mvc.dao.factory.CustomerFactory;

public class InitServlet extends HttpServlet {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public void init() throws ServletException {

		super.init();

		// 设置默认值
		CustomerFactory.getInstance().setType("jdbc");

		// 读取类路径下的switch.properties文件
		InputStream in = getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(
				"/WEB-INF/classes/switch.properties");
		Properties properties = new Properties();
		try {
			properties.load(in);
			// 将获得的type付给CustomerFactory的type
			String type = properties.getProperty("type");

			if (type != null) {
				CustomerFactory.getInstance().setType(type);
			} else {
				CustomerFactory.getInstance().setType("jdbc");
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}
</span>

并需要在web.xml中进行配置：

<span style="font-size:14px;"><servlet>
		<servlet-name>InitServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.ali.mvc.servlet.InitServlet</servlet-class>
		<span style="color:#ff6666;"><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></span>
	</servlet></span>

创建 CustomerServlet 时，为 customerDAO 属性赋值是通过CustomerDAOFactory  的 getCustomerDAO() 方法完成的。此时的 type 已经在 InitServlet 中被赋值了。

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class CustomerServlet extends HttpServlet {

	// private CustomerDao customerDao = new CustomerDaoXmlImp();
	// private CustomerDao customerDao = new CustomerDaoJdbcImp();
	<span style="color:#ff0000;">private CustomerDao customerDao = CustomerFactory.getInstance()
			.getCustomerDao();</span>
	}
</span>

CustomerFactory.java如下：

<span style="font-size:14px;">package com.ali.mvc.dao.factory;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import com.ali.mvc.dao.CustomerDao;
import com.ali.mvc.dao.impl.CustomerDaoJdbcImp;
import com.ali.mvc.dao.impl.CustomerDaoXmlImp;

public class CustomerFactory {

	private String type = null;
	private Map<String, CustomerDao> daos = new HashMap<String, CustomerDao>();

	<span style="color:#ff6600;">private CustomerFactory() {

		daos.put("jdbc", new CustomerDaoJdbcImp());
		daos.put("xml", new CustomerDaoXmlImp());

	}
	public CustomerDao getCustomerDao() {
		return daos.get(type);
	}</span>

	private static CustomerFactory instance = new CustomerFactory();

	public static CustomerFactory getInstance() {

		return instance;
	}

	public void setType(String type) {
		this.type = type;
	}	
}</span>