https://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020/article/details/38868499
简介
之前做过一个FFMPEG+SDL的简单播放器:《100行代码实现最简单的基于FFMPEG+SDL的视频播放器》。该播放器采用SDL1.2显示视频。最近有不少人反映SDL已经升级到2.0版本了,甚至官网的Wiki上都只有SDL2.0的文档了,因此下载了SDL 2.0 并且进行了简单的研究。随后对此前的播放器进行了修改,将SDL1.2换成了SDL2.0。
注:《100行代码实现最简单的基于FFMPEG+SDL的视频播放器》文章中提到的很多知识这里不再重复记录。本文重点记录SDL1.2与SDL2.0的不同。
平台使用了VC2010,FFmpeg类库使用了最近的版本,SDL使用2.0版本。
Simplest FFmpeg Player 2
项目主页
SourceForge:https://sourceforge.net/projects/simplestffmpegplayer/
Github:https://github.com/leixiaohua1020/simplest_ffmpeg_player
开源中国:http://git.oschina.net/leixiaohua1020/simplest_ffmpeg_player
流程图
FFmpeg解码一个视频流程如下图所示:
SDL2.0显示YUV的流程图:
对比SDL1.2的流程图,发现变化还是很大的。几乎所有的API都发生了变化。但是函数和变量有一定的对应关系:
SDL_SetVideoMode()————SDL_CreateWindow()
SDL_Surface————SDL_Window
SDL_CreateYUVOverlay()————SDL_CreateTexture()
SDL_Overlay————SDL_Texture
不再一一例举。
下图为SDL1.x显示YUV的流程图。
简单解释各个变量的作用:
SDL_Window就是使用SDL的时候弹出的那个窗口。在SDL1.x版本中,只可以创建一个一个窗口。在SDL2.0版本中,可以创建多个窗口。
SDL_Texture用于显示YUV数据。一个SDL_Texture对应一帧YUV数据。
SDL_Renderer用于渲染SDL_Texture至SDL_Window。
SDL_Rect用于确定SDL_Texture显示的位置。注意:一个SDL_Texture可以指定多个不同的SDL_Rect,这样就可以在SDL_Window不同位置显示相同的内容(使用SDL_RenderCopy()函数)。
它们的关系如下图所示:
下图举了个例子,指定了4个SDL_Rect,可以实现4分屏的显示。
simplest_ffmpeg_player(标准版)代码
最基础的版本,学习的开始。
- /**
- * 最简单的基于FFmpeg的视频播放器 2
- * Simplest FFmpeg Player 2
- *
- * 雷霄骅 Lei Xiaohua
- * leixiaohua1020@126.com
- * 中国传媒大学/数字电视技术
- * Communication University of China / Digital TV Technology
- * http://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020
- *
- * 第2版使用SDL2.0取代了第一版中的SDL1.2
- * Version 2 use SDL 2.0 instead of SDL 1.2 in version 1.
- *
- * 本程序实现了视频文件的解码和显示(支持HEVC,H.264,MPEG2等)。
- * 是最简单的FFmpeg视频解码方面的教程。
- * 通过学习本例子可以了解FFmpeg的解码流程。
- * This software is a simplest video player based on FFmpeg.
- * Suitable for beginner of FFmpeg.
- *
- */
- #include <stdio.h>
- #define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
- #ifdef _WIN32
- //Windows
- extern "C"
- {
- #include "libavcodec/avcodec.h"
- #include "libavformat/avformat.h"
- #include "libswscale/swscale.h"
- #include "libavutil/imgutils.h"
- #include "SDL2/SDL.h"
- };
- #else
- //Linux...
- #ifdef __cplusplus
- extern "C"
- {
- #endif
- #include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
- #include <libavformat/avformat.h>
- #include <libswscale/swscale.h>
- #include <SDL2/SDL.h>
- #include <libavutil/imgutils.h>
- #ifdef __cplusplus
- };
- #endif
- #endif
- //Output YUV420P data as a file
- #define OUTPUT_YUV420P 0
- int main(int argc, char* argv[])
- {
- AVFormatContext *pFormatCtx;
- int i, videoindex;
- AVCodecContext *pCodecCtx;
- AVCodec *pCodec;
- AVFrame *pFrame,*pFrameYUV;
- unsigned char *out_buffer;
- AVPacket *packet;
- int y_size;
- int ret, got_picture;
- struct SwsContext *img_convert_ctx;
- char filepath[]="bigbuckbunny_480x272.h265";
- //SDL---------------------------
- int screen_w=0,screen_h=0;
- SDL_Window *screen;
- SDL_Renderer* sdlRenderer;
- SDL_Texture* sdlTexture;
- SDL_Rect sdlRect;
- FILE *fp_yuv;
- av_register_all();
- avformat_network_init();
- pFormatCtx = avformat_alloc_context();
- if(avformat_open_input(&pFormatCtx,filepath,NULL,NULL)!=0){
- printf("Couldn't open input stream.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- if(avformat_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx,NULL)<0){
- printf("Couldn't find stream information.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- videoindex=-1;
- for(i=0; i<pFormatCtx->nb_streams; i++)
- if(pFormatCtx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO){
- videoindex=i;
- break;
- }
- if(videoindex==-1){
- printf("Didn't find a video stream.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- pCodecCtx=pFormatCtx->streams[videoindex]->codec;
- pCodec=avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtx->codec_id);
- if(pCodec==NULL){
- printf("Codec not found.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- if(avcodec_open2(pCodecCtx, pCodec,NULL)<0){
- printf("Could not open codec.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- pFrame=av_frame_alloc();
- pFrameYUV=av_frame_alloc();
- out_buffer=(unsigned char *)av_malloc(av_image_get_buffer_size(AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,1));
- av_image_fill_arrays(pFrameYUV->data, pFrameYUV->linesize,out_buffer,
- AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,1);
- packet=(AVPacket *)av_malloc(sizeof(AVPacket));
- //Output Info-----------------------------
- printf("--------------- File Information ----------------\n");
- av_dump_format(pFormatCtx,0,filepath,0);
- printf("-------------------------------------------------\n");
- img_convert_ctx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, pCodecCtx->pix_fmt,
- pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, SWS_BICUBIC, NULL, NULL, NULL);
- #if OUTPUT_YUV420P
- fp_yuv=fopen("output.yuv","wb+");
- #endif
- if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_AUDIO | SDL_INIT_TIMER)) {
- printf( "Could not initialize SDL - %s\n", SDL_GetError());
- return -1;
- }
- screen_w = pCodecCtx->width;
- screen_h = pCodecCtx->height;
- //SDL 2.0 Support for multiple windows
- screen = SDL_CreateWindow("Simplest ffmpeg player's Window", SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
- screen_w, screen_h,
- SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL);
- if(!screen) {
- printf("SDL: could not create window - exiting:%s\n",SDL_GetError());
- return -1;
- }
- sdlRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(screen, -1, 0);
- //IYUV: Y + U + V (3 planes)
- //YV12: Y + V + U (3 planes)
- sdlTexture = SDL_CreateTexture(sdlRenderer, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_IYUV, SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STREAMING,pCodecCtx->width,pCodecCtx->height);
- sdlRect.x=0;
- sdlRect.y=0;
- sdlRect.w=screen_w;
- sdlRect.h=screen_h;
- //SDL End----------------------
- while(av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, packet)>=0){
- if(packet->stream_index==videoindex){
- ret = avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &got_picture, packet);
- if(ret < 0){
- printf("Decode Error.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- if(got_picture){
- sws_scale(img_convert_ctx, (const unsigned char* const*)pFrame->data, pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height,
- pFrameYUV->data, pFrameYUV->linesize);
- #if OUTPUT_YUV420P
- y_size=pCodecCtx->width*pCodecCtx->height;
- fwrite(pFrameYUV->data[0],1,y_size,fp_yuv); //Y
- fwrite(pFrameYUV->data[1],1,y_size/4,fp_yuv); //U
- fwrite(pFrameYUV->data[2],1,y_size/4,fp_yuv); //V
- #endif
- //SDL---------------------------
- #if 0
- SDL_UpdateTexture( sdlTexture, NULL, pFrameYUV->data[0], pFrameYUV->linesize[0] );
- #else
- SDL_UpdateYUVTexture(sdlTexture, &sdlRect,
- pFrameYUV->data[0], pFrameYUV->linesize[0],
- pFrameYUV->data[1], pFrameYUV->linesize[1],
- pFrameYUV->data[2], pFrameYUV->linesize[2]);
- #endif
- SDL_RenderClear( sdlRenderer );
- SDL_RenderCopy( sdlRenderer, sdlTexture, NULL, &sdlRect);
- SDL_RenderPresent( sdlRenderer );
- //SDL End-----------------------
- //Delay 40ms
- SDL_Delay(40);
- }
- }
- av_free_packet(packet);
- }
- //flush decoder
- //FIX: Flush Frames remained in Codec
- while (1) {
- ret = avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &got_picture, packet);
- if (ret < 0)
- break;
- if (!got_picture)
- break;
- sws_scale(img_convert_ctx, (const unsigned char* const*)pFrame->data, pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height,
- pFrameYUV->data, pFrameYUV->linesize);
- #if OUTPUT_YUV420P
- int y_size=pCodecCtx->width*pCodecCtx->height;
- fwrite(pFrameYUV->data[0],1,y_size,fp_yuv); //Y
- fwrite(pFrameYUV->data[1],1,y_size/4,fp_yuv); //U
- fwrite(pFrameYUV->data[2],1,y_size/4,fp_yuv); //V
- #endif
- //SDL---------------------------
- SDL_UpdateTexture( sdlTexture, &sdlRect, pFrameYUV->data[0], pFrameYUV->linesize[0] );
- SDL_RenderClear( sdlRenderer );
- SDL_RenderCopy( sdlRenderer, sdlTexture, NULL, &sdlRect);
- SDL_RenderPresent( sdlRenderer );
- //SDL End-----------------------
- //Delay 40ms
- SDL_Delay(40);
- }
- sws_freeContext(img_convert_ctx);
- #if OUTPUT_YUV420P
- fclose(fp_yuv);
- #endif
- SDL_Quit();
- av_frame_free(&pFrameYUV);
- av_frame_free(&pFrame);
- avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
- avformat_close_input(&pFormatCtx);
- return 0;
- }
simplest_ffmpeg_player_su(SU版)代码
标准版的基础之上引入了SDL的Event。
效果如下:
(1)SDL弹出的窗口可以移动了
(2)画面显示是严格的40ms一帧
- /**
- * 最简单的基于FFmpeg的视频播放器2(SDL升级版)
- * Simplest FFmpeg Player 2(SDL Update)
- *
- * 雷霄骅 Lei Xiaohua
- * leixiaohua1020@126.com
- * 中国传媒大学/数字电视技术
- * Communication University of China / Digital TV Technology
- * http://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020
- *
- * 第2版使用SDL2.0取代了第一版中的SDL1.2
- * Version 2 use SDL 2.0 instead of SDL 1.2 in version 1.
- *
- * 本程序实现了视频文件的解码和显示(支持HEVC,H.264,MPEG2等)。
- * 是最简单的FFmpeg视频解码方面的教程。
- * 通过学习本例子可以了解FFmpeg的解码流程。
- * 本版本中使用SDL消息机制刷新视频画面。
- * This software is a simplest video player based on FFmpeg.
- * Suitable for beginner of FFmpeg.
- *
- * 备注:
- * 标准版在播放视频的时候,画面显示使用延时40ms的方式。这么做有两个后果:
- * (1)SDL弹出的窗口无法移动,一直显示是忙碌状态
- * (2)画面显示并不是严格的40ms一帧,因为还没有考虑解码的时间。
- * SU(SDL Update)版在视频解码的过程中,不再使用延时40ms的方式,而是创建了
- * 一个线程,每隔40ms发送一个自定义的消息,告知主函数进行解码显示。这样做之后:
- * (1)SDL弹出的窗口可以移动了
- * (2)画面显示是严格的40ms一帧
- * Remark:
- * Standard Version use's SDL_Delay() to control video's frame rate, it has 2
- * disadvantages:
- * (1)SDL's Screen can't be moved and always "Busy".
- * (2)Frame rate can't be accurate because it doesn't consider the time consumed
- * by avcodec_decode_video2()
- * SU(SDL Update)Version solved 2 problems above. It create a thread to send SDL
- * Event every 40ms to tell the main loop to decode and show video frames.
- */
- #include <stdio.h>
- #define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
- #ifdef _WIN32
- //Windows
- extern "C"
- {
- #include "libavcodec/avcodec.h"
- #include "libavformat/avformat.h"
- #include "libswscale/swscale.h"
- #include "libavutil/imgutils.h"
- #include "SDL2/SDL.h"
- };
- #else
- //Linux...
- #ifdef __cplusplus
- extern "C"
- {
- #endif
- #include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
- #include <libavformat/avformat.h>
- #include <libswscale/swscale.h>
- #include <libavutil/imgutils.h>
- #include <SDL2/SDL.h>
- #ifdef __cplusplus
- };
- #endif
- #endif
- //Refresh Event
- #define SFM_REFRESH_EVENT (SDL_USEREVENT + 1)
- #define SFM_BREAK_EVENT (SDL_USEREVENT + 2)
- int thread_exit=0;
- int thread_pause=0;
- int sfp_refresh_thread(void *opaque){
- thread_exit=0;
- thread_pause=0;
- while (!thread_exit) {
- if(!thread_pause){
- SDL_Event event;
- event.type = SFM_REFRESH_EVENT;
- SDL_PushEvent(&event);
- }
- SDL_Delay(40);
- }
- thread_exit=0;
- thread_pause=0;
- //Break
- SDL_Event event;
- event.type = SFM_BREAK_EVENT;
- SDL_PushEvent(&event);
- return 0;
- }
- int main(int argc, char* argv[])
- {
- AVFormatContext *pFormatCtx;
- int i, videoindex;
- AVCodecContext *pCodecCtx;
- AVCodec *pCodec;
- AVFrame *pFrame,*pFrameYUV;
- unsigned char *out_buffer;
- AVPacket *packet;
- int ret, got_picture;
- //------------SDL----------------
- int screen_w,screen_h;
- SDL_Window *screen;
- SDL_Renderer* sdlRenderer;
- SDL_Texture* sdlTexture;
- SDL_Rect sdlRect;
- SDL_Thread *video_tid;
- SDL_Event event;
- struct SwsContext *img_convert_ctx;
- //char filepath[]="bigbuckbunny_480x272.h265";
- char filepath[]="Titanic.ts";
- av_register_all();
- avformat_network_init();
- pFormatCtx = avformat_alloc_context();
- if(avformat_open_input(&pFormatCtx,filepath,NULL,NULL)!=0){
- printf("Couldn't open input stream.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- if(avformat_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx,NULL)<0){
- printf("Couldn't find stream information.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- videoindex=-1;
- for(i=0; i<pFormatCtx->nb_streams; i++)
- if(pFormatCtx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO){
- videoindex=i;
- break;
- }
- if(videoindex==-1){
- printf("Didn't find a video stream.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- pCodecCtx=pFormatCtx->streams[videoindex]->codec;
- pCodec=avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtx->codec_id);
- if(pCodec==NULL){
- printf("Codec not found.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- if(avcodec_open2(pCodecCtx, pCodec,NULL)<0){
- printf("Could not open codec.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- pFrame=av_frame_alloc();
- pFrameYUV=av_frame_alloc();
- out_buffer=(unsigned char *)av_malloc(av_image_get_buffer_size(AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,1));
- av_image_fill_arrays(pFrameYUV->data, pFrameYUV->linesize,out_buffer,
- AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,1);
- //Output Info-----------------------------
- printf("---------------- File Information ---------------\n");
- av_dump_format(pFormatCtx,0,filepath,0);
- printf("-------------------------------------------------\n");
- img_convert_ctx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, pCodecCtx->pix_fmt,
- pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, SWS_BICUBIC, NULL, NULL, NULL);
- if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_AUDIO | SDL_INIT_TIMER)) {
- printf( "Could not initialize SDL - %s\n", SDL_GetError());
- return -1;
- }
- //SDL 2.0 Support for multiple windows
- screen_w = pCodecCtx->width;
- screen_h = pCodecCtx->height;
- screen = SDL_CreateWindow("Simplest ffmpeg player's Window", SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
- screen_w, screen_h,SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL);
- if(!screen) {
- printf("SDL: could not create window - exiting:%s\n",SDL_GetError());
- return -1;
- }
- sdlRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(screen, -1, 0);
- //IYUV: Y + U + V (3 planes)
- //YV12: Y + V + U (3 planes)
- sdlTexture = SDL_CreateTexture(sdlRenderer, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_IYUV, SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STREAMING,pCodecCtx->width,pCodecCtx->height);
- sdlRect.x=0;
- sdlRect.y=0;
- sdlRect.w=screen_w;
- sdlRect.h=screen_h;
- packet=(AVPacket *)av_malloc(sizeof(AVPacket));
- video_tid = SDL_CreateThread(sfp_refresh_thread,NULL,NULL);
- //------------SDL End------------
- //Event Loop
- for (;;) {
- //Wait
- SDL_WaitEvent(&event);
- if(event.type==SFM_REFRESH_EVENT){
- while(1){
- if(av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, packet)<0)
- thread_exit=1;
- if(packet->stream_index==videoindex)
- break;
- }
- ret = avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &got_picture, packet);
- if(ret < 0){
- printf("Decode Error.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- if(got_picture){
- sws_scale(img_convert_ctx, (const unsigned char* const*)pFrame->data, pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height, pFrameYUV->data, pFrameYUV->linesize);
- //SDL---------------------------
- SDL_UpdateTexture( sdlTexture, NULL, pFrameYUV->data[0], pFrameYUV->linesize[0] );
- SDL_RenderClear( sdlRenderer );
- //SDL_RenderCopy( sdlRenderer, sdlTexture, &sdlRect, &sdlRect );
- SDL_RenderCopy( sdlRenderer, sdlTexture, NULL, NULL);
- SDL_RenderPresent( sdlRenderer );
- //SDL End-----------------------
- }
- av_free_packet(packet);
- }else if(event.type==SDL_KEYDOWN){
- //Pause
- if(event.key.keysym.sym==SDLK_SPACE)
- thread_pause=!thread_pause;
- }else if(event.type==SDL_QUIT){
- thread_exit=1;
- }else if(event.type==SFM_BREAK_EVENT){
- break;
- }
- }
- sws_freeContext(img_convert_ctx);
- SDL_Quit();
- //--------------
- av_frame_free(&pFrameYUV);
- av_frame_free(&pFrame);
- avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
- avformat_close_input(&pFormatCtx);
- return 0;
- }
运行结果
程序运行后,会在命令行窗口打印一些视频信息,同时会弹出一个窗口播放视频内容。
下载
CSDN完整工程下载地址:
http://download.csdn.net/detail/leixiaohua1020/7826277
更新(2014.10.5)==============================
版本升级至2.2。
1.新版本在原版本的基础上增加了“flush_decoder”功能。当av_read_frame()循环退出的时候,实际上解码器中可能还包含剩余的几帧数据。因此需要通过“flush_decoder”将这几帧数据输出。“flush_decoder”功能简而言之即直接调用avcodec_decode_video2()获得AVFrame,而不再向解码器传递AVPacket。参考代码如下:
- //FIX: Flush Frames remained in Codec
- while (1) {
- ret = avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &got_picture, packet);
- if (ret < 0)
- break;
- if (!got_picture)
- break;
- sws_scale(img_convert_ctx, (const uint8_t* const*)pFrame->data, pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height, pFrameYUV->data, pFrameYUV->linesize);
- //处理...
- }
2.为了更好地适应Linux等其他操作系统,做到可以跨平台,去除掉了VC特有的一些函数。比如“#include "stdafx.h"”,“_tmain()”等等。
具体信息参见文章:avcodec_decode_video2()解码视频后丢帧的问题解决
2.2版下载地址: http://download.csdn.net/detail/leixiaohua1020/8002337更新-2.3(2015.1.03)==============================
新增一个工程:最简单的基于FFmpeg的解码器-纯净版(不包含libavformat)
2.3版CSDN下载地址: http://download.csdn.net/detail/leixiaohua1020/8322307更新-2.4(2015.2.13)==============================
VC++:打开sln文件即可编译,无需配置。
cl.exe:打开compile_cl.bat即可命令行下使用cl.exe进行编译,注意可能需要按照VC的安装路径调整脚本里面的参数。编译命令如下。
- ::VS2010 Environment
- call "D:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat"
- ::include
- @set INCLUDE=include;%INCLUDE%
- ::lib
- @set LIB=lib;%LIB%
- ::compile and link
- cl simplest_ffmpeg_player.cpp /MD /link SDL2.lib SDL2main.lib avcodec.lib ^
- avformat.lib avutil.lib avdevice.lib avfilter.lib postproc.lib swresample.lib swscale.lib ^
- /SUBSYSTEM:WINDOWS /OPT:NOREF
MinGW:MinGW命令行下运行compile_mingw.sh即可使用MinGW的g++进行编译。编译命令如下。
- g++ simplest_ffmpeg_player.cpp -g -o simplest_ffmpeg_player.exe \
- -I /usr/local/include -L /usr/local/lib \
- -lmingw32 -lSDL2main -lSDL2 -lavformat -lavcodec -lavutil -lswscale
GCC:Linux或者MacOS命令行下运行compile_gcc.sh即可使用GCC进行编译。编译命令如下。
- gcc simplest_ffmpeg_player.cpp -g -o simplest_ffmpeg_player.out \
- -I /usr/local/include -L /usr/local/lib -lSDL2main -lSDL2 -lavformat -lavcodec -lavutil -lswscale
simplest_ffmpeg_decoder:一个包含了封装格式处理功能的解码器。使用了libavcodec和libavformat。simplest_video_play_sdl2:使用SDL2播放YUV的例子。simplest_ffmpeg_helloworld:输出FFmpeg类库的信息。