【leetcode】8. String to Integer (atoi)

/**
 * Implement atoi to convert a string to an integer.
 *
 * Hint: Carefully consider all possible input cases. If you want a challenge, 
 * please do not see below and ask yourself what are the possible input cases.
 *
 * Notes: It is intended for this problem to be specified vaguely (ie, no given input specs).
 * You are responsible to gather all the input requirements up front.
 *
 */
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>

using namespace std;

//最大：2147483647
//最小：-2147483648

int myAtoi(string str) {

    long ret = 0;
    int tmp = 0;
    int i = 0;
    int flag = 1; //默认正整数

    if (str.length() > 0 && (str[0] =='+' || str[0] =='-'))
    {
        if (str[0] == '-')
        {
            flag = -1;
        }
        i = 1;
    }

    for (; i < str.length(); i++)
    {   
        tmp = str[i] - 48;

        if (flag ==1 && (ret > INT_MAX / 10 || ret == INT_MAX / 10 && tmp > INT_MAX % 10))
        {
            return INT_MAX;
        }
        else if (flag == -1 && (ret > (unsigned)INT_MIN / 10 || (ret == (unsigned)INT_MIN / 10 && tmp > (unsigned)INT_MIN % 10)))
        {
            return INT_MIN;
        }

        if (tmp >= 0 && tmp <= 9)
            ret = ret * 10 + tmp;

    }
    return flag == 1 ? ret : -ret;
}


int main()
{
    string s = "-2147483659";
    cout << INT_MIN << endl;
    cout << myAtoi(s);
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}