Jackson序列化导致npe问题

一、问题描述

    在使用jackson进行序列化时，报npe。最终定位到原因：有一个public方法是is开头的，该方法里调用的对象为null，导致序列化的时候出现npe。

二、问题复现

1、创建Tpp类

public class Tpp implements Serializable {

    private String tppName;
    private TppSrc reqSrc;

    public String getTppName() {
        return tppName;
    }

    public void setTppName(String tppName) {
        this.tppName = tppName;
    }

    public TppSrc getReqSrc() {
        return reqSrc;
    }

    public void setReqSrc(TppSrc reqSrc) {
        this.reqSrc = reqSrc;
    }

    public boolean isAaaTpp() {
        return tppName.equals("aaa");
    }

    public String cal() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Tpp{" +
                "tppName='" + tppName + '\'' +
                ", reqSrc=" + reqSrc +
                '}';
    }
}

2、测试用例

@Test
public void test() {
    Tpp tpp = new Tpp();
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    try {
        mapper.writeValueAsString(tpp);
    } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

3、测试结果

com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException: (was java.lang.NullPointerException) (through reference chain: org.luo.test.jsontest.Tpp["aaaTpp"])
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException.wrapWithPath(JsonMappingException.java:394)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException.wrapWithPath(JsonMappingException.java:353)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.StdSerializer.wrapAndThrow(StdSerializer.java:316)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.BeanSerializerBase.serializeFields(BeanSerializerBase.java:727)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanSerializer.serialize(BeanSerializer.java:155)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.DefaultSerializerProvider._serialize(DefaultSerializerProvider.java:480)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.DefaultSerializerProvider.serializeValue(DefaultSerializerProvider.java:319)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper._configAndWriteValue(ObjectMapper.java:3905)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper.writeValueAsString(ObjectMapper.java:3219)
	at org.luo.test.jsontest.JacksonTest.test22(JacksonTest.java:414)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
	at org.luo.test.jsontest.Tpp.isAaaTpp(Tpp.java:37)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanPropertyWriter.serializeAsField(BeanPropertyWriter.java:688)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.BeanSerializerBase.serializeFields(BeanSerializerBase.java:719)
	... 28 more

三、问题定位

    使用调试模式，最终定位到jackson的相关代码：

 

    jackson在进行序列化时，会迭代类里的属性、方法(get和is开头的方法)，获取要进行序列化的字段，在这个过程中，识别出Tpp类有3个属性：tppName,reqSrc,aaaTpp。如下图所示：

之后，在序列化的过程中，会通过反射调用者三个方法：

因此，当反射执行isAaaTpp()方法时，由于tppName字段是null，就出现了npe错误。

 

四、总结

    在使用jackson进行序列化和反序列化时，要注意is和get开头的方法，序列化器会把这个方法名识别为一个字段，然后通过反射区执行这个方法，当这个房里里的字段没有初始化时，就会出现npe问题。