Mycat是一个开源的分布式数据库系统，其核心功能是分表分库，即将一个大表水平分割为多个小表，
存储在后端MySQL或者其他数据库里。取名Mycat原因一是简单好记，另一个则是希望未来能够入驻 Apache，
Apache的开源产品Tomcat也是一只猫。
MyCAT 是一个彻底开源的，面向企业应用开发的“大数据库集群” 支持事务、ACID、可以替代Mysql的加强版数据库;
一个可以视为“Mysql”集群的企业级数据库，用来替代昂贵的Oracle集群 ; 一个融合内存缓存技术、Nosql技术、
HDFS大数据的新型SQL Server; 结合传统数据库和新型分布式数据仓库的新一代企业级数据库产品 ; 一个新颖的
数据库中间件产品。
1. MyCAT基础架构准备
1.1 环境准备：
两台虚拟机 db01 db02
每台创建四个mysql实例：3307 3308 3309 3310
1.2 创建相关目录初始化数据
mkdir /data/33{07..10}/data -p
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3309/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3310/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
1.3 准备DB01配置文件和启动脚本
cat >/data/3307/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock
port=3307
log-error=/data/3307/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3307/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=7
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/data/3308/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3308/data
port=3308
socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/3308/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3308/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=8
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/data/3309/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3309/data
socket=/data/3309/mysql.sock
port=3309
log-error=/data/3309/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3309/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=9
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/data/3310/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3310/data
socket=/data/3310/mysql.sock
port=3310
log-error=/data/3310/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3310/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=10
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3309.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3310.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3310/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
1.4 准备DB02配置文件和启动脚本
cat >/data/3307/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock
port=3307
log-error=/data/3307/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3307/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=17
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/data/3308/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3308/data
port=3308
socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/3308/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3308/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=18
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/data/3309/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3309/data
socket=/data/3309/mysql.sock
port=3309
log-error=/data/3309/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3309/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=19
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/data/3310/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3310/data
socket=/data/3310/mysql.sock
port=3310
log-error=/data/3310/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3310/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=20
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3309.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3310.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3310/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
1.5 修改权限，启动多实例
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/*
systemctl start mysqld3307
systemctl start mysqld3308
systemctl start mysqld3309
systemctl start mysqld3310
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
1.6 节点主从规划
箭头指向谁是主库
192.168.8.10:3307 <-----> 192.168.8.20:3307
192.168.8.10:3309 ------> 192.168.8.10:3307
192.168.8.20:3309 ------> 192.168.8.20:3307
192.168.8.20:3308 <-----> 192.168.8.10:3308
192.168.8.20:3310 -----> 192.168.8.20:3308
192.168.8.10:3310 -----> 192.168.8.10:3308
1.7 分片规划
shard1：
Master：192.168.8.10:3307
slave1：192.168.8.10:3309
Standby Master：192.168.8.20:3307
slave2：192.168.8.20:3309
shard2：
Master：192.168.8.20:3308
slave1：192.168.8.20:3310
Standby Master：192.168.8.10:3308
slave2：192.168.8.10:3310
1.8 开始配置
#第一组四节点结构
# 192.168.8.10:3307 <-----> 192.168.8.20:3307
## db02:
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'192.168.8.%' identified by '123';"
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "grant all on *.* to root@'192.168.8.%' identified by '123' with grant option;"
## db01:
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.20', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"
## db02:
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.10', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"
=======================
# 192.168.8.10:3309 ------> 192.168.8.10:3307
## db01:
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.10', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"
# 192.168.8.20:3309 ------> 192.168.8.20:3307
## db02:
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.20', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"
#第二组四节点
#192.168.8.20:3308 <-----> 192.168.8.10:3308
## db01:
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'192.168.8%' identified by '123';"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "grant all on *.* to root@'192.168.8.%' identified by '123' with grant option;"
## db02:
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.10', MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"
## db01:
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.20', MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"
# 192.168.8.20:3310 -----> 192.168.8.20:3308
## db02:
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.20', MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"
# 192.168.8.10:3310 -----> 192.168.8.10:3308
## db01:
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.10', MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"
1.9 检测主从状态
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"|grep Yes
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"|grep Yes
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"|grep Yes
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"|grep Yes
==================================================================
注：如果中间出现错误，在每个节点进行执行以下命令,从第1.8步重新开始即可
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "stop slave; reset slave all;"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "stop slave; reset slave all;"
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "stop slave; reset slave all;"
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "stop slave; reset slave all;"
==================================================================
2. MyCAT安装
2.1 预先安装Java运行环境
yum install -y java
2.2下载
http://www.mycat.org.cn/
2.3 解压文件
tar xf Mycat-server-1.6.7.1-release-20190627191042-linux.tar.gz -C /usr/local
2.4 软件目录结构
ls /usr/local/mycat
bin catlet conf lib logs version.txt
2.5 启动和连接
配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/mycat/bin:$PATH
保存退出
source /etc/profile
启动
vim /usr/local/mycat/conf/wrapper.conf
添加：
wrapper.startup.timeout=300
保存退出
mycat start
连接mycat：
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P8066
3. 数据库分布式架构方式
3.1 垂直拆分
3.2 水平拆分
range
取模
枚举
hash
时间
等等
4. Mycat基础应用
4.1 主要配置文件介绍
rule.xml *****,分片策略定义
schema.xml *****,主配置文件
server.xml *** ,mycat服务有关，mycat管理员的账号和密码
log4j2.xml *** ,记录日志有关
*.txt ,分片策略使用的规则
4.2 用户创建及数据库导入
db01:
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
grant all on *.* to root@'192.168.8.%' identified by '123';
source /root/world.sql
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock
grant all on *.* to root@'192.168.8.%' identified by '123';
source /root/world.sql
4.3 配置文件结构介绍
cd /usr/local/mycat/conf
mv schema.xml schema.xml.bak
vim schema.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
mycat 逻辑库定义:
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="sh1">
</schema>
==================================================
数据节点定义:
<dataNode name="sh1" dataHost="laoli1" database= "world" />
==================================================
后端主机定义:
<dataHost name="laoli1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="db1" url="192.168.8.10:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db2" url="192.168.8.10:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
===================================================
文件结尾：
</mycat:schema>
4.4 mycat实现1主1从读写分离
vim schema.xml
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="sh1">
</schema>
<dataNode name="sh1" dataHost="laoli1" database= "world" />
<dataHost name="laoli1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="db1" url="192.168.8.10:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db2" url="192.168.8.10:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
</mycat:schema>
重启mycat：
mycat restart
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 -P8066
4.5 Mycat高可用+读写分离
mv schema.xml schema.xml.1
vim schema.xml
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="sh1">
</schema>
<dataNode name="sh1" dataHost="laoli1" database= "world" />
<dataHost name="laoli1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="db1" url="192.168.8.10:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db2" url="192.168.8.10:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
<writeHost host="db3" url="192.168.8.20:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db4" url="192.168.8.20:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
</mycat:schema>
说明:
<writeHost host="db1" url="192.168.8.10:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db2" url="192.168.8.10:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
<writeHost host="db3" url="192.168.8.20:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db4" url="192.168.8.20:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
第一个 whost: 192.168.8.10:3307 真正的写节点,负责写操作
第二个 whost: 192.168.8.20:3307 准备写节点,负责读,当 192.168.8.10:3307宕掉,会切换为真正的写节点
测试:
[root@db01 conf]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 192.168.8.10 -P 8066
读:
mysql> select @@server_id;
写:
mysql> begin ;select @@server_id; commit;
4.6 配置中的属性介绍:
balance属性
负载均衡类型，目前的取值有3种：
1. balance="0", 不开启读写分离机制，所有读操作都发送到当前可用的writeHost上。
2. balance="1"，全部的readHost与standby writeHost参与select语句的负载均衡，简单的说，
当双主双从模式(M1->S1，M2->S2，并且M1与 M2互为主备)，正常情况下，M2,S1,S2都参与select语句的负载均衡。
3. balance="2"，所有读操作都随机的在writeHost、readhost上分发。
writeType属性
负载均衡类型，目前的取值有2种：
1. writeType="0", 所有写操作发送到配置的第一个writeHost，
第一个挂了切到还生存的第二个writeHost，重新启动后已切换后的为主，切换记录在配置文件中:dnindex.properties .
2. writeType=“1”，所有写操作都随机的发送到配置的writeHost，但不推荐使用
switchType属性
-1 表示不自动切换
1 默认值，自动切换
2 基于MySQL主从同步的状态决定是否切换 ，心跳语句为 show slave status
datahost其他配置
<dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
maxCon="1000"：最大的并发连接数
minCon="10" ：mycat在启动之后，会在后端节点上自动开启的连接线程
tempReadHostAvailable="1": 这个一主一从时（1个writehost，1个readhost时），可以开启这个参数
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> : 监测心跳
5. Mycat高级应用-分布式解决方案
5.1 垂直分表
mv schema.xml schema.xml.ha
vim schema.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="sh1">
<table name="user" dataNode="sh1"/>
<table name="order_t" dataNode="sh2"/>
</schema>
<dataNode name="sh1" dataHost="laoli1" database= "taobao" />
<dataNode name="sh2" dataHost="laoli2" database= "taobao" />
<dataHost name="laoli1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="db1" url="192.168.8.10:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db2" url="192.168.8.10:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
<writeHost host="db3" url="192.168.8.20:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db4" url="192.168.8.20:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
<dataHost name="laoli2" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="db1" url="192.168.8.10:3308" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db2" url="192.168.8.10:3310" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
<writeHost host="db3" url="192.168.8.20:3308" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db4" url="192.168.8.20:3310" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
</mycat:schema>
创建测试库和表:
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "create database taobao charset utf8;"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "create database taobao charset utf8;"
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table user(id int,name varchar(20))";
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table order_t(id int,name varchar(20))";
重启mycat :
mycat restart
测试功能:
[root@db01 conf]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 192.168.8.10 -P 8066
mysql> use TESTDB
mysql> insert into user(id ,name ) values(1,'a'),(2,'b');
mysql> commit;
mysql> insert into order_t(id ,name ) values(1,'a'),(2,'b');
mysql> commit;
[root@db01 ~]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show tables from taobao;"
+------------------+
| Tables_in_taobao |
+------------------+
| user |
+------------------+
[root@db01 ~]# mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "show tables from taobao;"
+------------------+
| Tables_in_taobao |
+------------------+
| order_t |
+------------------+
[root@db01 ~]#
5.2 Mycat分布式-水平拆分(分片)介绍
分片：对一个"bigtable"，比如说t3表
(1)行数非常多，800w
(2)访问非常频繁
分片的目的：
（1）将大数据量进行分布存储
（2）提供均衡的访问路由
分片策略：
范围 range 800w 1-400w 400w01-800w
取模 mod 取余数
枚举
哈希 hash
时间 流水
5.3 Mycat分布式-范围分片
比如说t3表
(1)行数非常多，2000w（1-1000w:sh1 1000w01-2000w:sh2）
(2)访问非常频繁，用户访问较离散
修改配置:
vim schema.xml
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="sh1">
<table name="t3" dataNode="sh1,sh2" rule="auto-sharding-long" />
</schema>
<dataNode name="sh1" dataHost="laoli1" database= "taobao" />
<dataNode name="sh2" dataHost="laoli2" database= "taobao" />
vim rule.xml
<tableRule name="auto-sharding-long">
<rule>
<columns>id</columns>
<algorithm>rang-long</algorithm>
</rule>
<function name="rang-long"
class="io.mycat.route.function.AutoPartitionByLong">
<property name="mapFile">autopartition-long.txt</property>
</function>
===================================
vim autopartition-long.txt
1-10=0 # -----> >=1 , <=10
10-20=1 # -----> >10 ,<=20
创建测试表：
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t3 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t3 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"
测试：
重启mycat
mycat restart
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P 8066
insert into t3(id,name) values(1,'a');
insert into t3(id,name) values(2,'b');
insert into t3(id,name) values(3,'c');
insert into t3(id,name) values(10,'d');
insert into t3(id,name) values(11,'aa');
insert into t3(id,name) values(12,'bb');
insert into t3(id,name) values(13,'cc');
insert into t3(id,name) values(14,'dd');
insert into t3(id,name) values(20,'dd');
分别登录后端节点查询数据
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t3;"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t3;"
5.4 取模分片（mod-long）：
取余分片方式：分片键（一个列）与节点数量进行取余，得到余数，将数据写入对应节点
vim schema.xml
<table name="t4" dataNode="sh1,sh2" rule="mod-long" />
vim rule.xml
<property name="count">2</property>
准备测试环境
创建测试表：
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t4 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t4 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"
重启mycat
mycat restart
测试：
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h192.168.8.10 -P8066
use TESTDB
insert into t4(id,name) values(1,'a');
insert into t4(id,name) values(2,'b');
insert into t4(id,name) values(3,'c');
insert into t4(id,name) values(4,'d');
分别登录后端节点查询数据
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t4;"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t4;"
5.5 枚举分片
t5 表
id name telnum
1 bj 1212
2 sh 22222
3 bj 3333
4 sh 44444
5 bj 5555
sharding-by-intfile
vim schema.xml
<table name="t5" dataNode="sh1,sh2" rule="sharding-by-intfile" />
vim rule.xml
<tableRule name="sharding-by-intfile">
<rule> <columns>name</columns>
<algorithm>hash-int</algorithm>
</rule>
</tableRule>
<function name="hash-int" class="org.opencloudb.route.function.PartitionByFileMap">
<property name="mapFile">partition-hash-int.txt</property>
<property name="type">1</property>
<property name="defaultNode">0</property>
</function>
partition-hash-int.txt 配置：
bj=0
sh=1
DEFAULT_NODE=1
columns 标识将要分片的表字段，algorithm 分片函数， 其中分片函数配置中，mapFile标识配置文件名称
准备测试环境
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t5 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t5 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"
重启mycat
mycat restart
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 -P8066
use TESTDB
insert into t5(id,name) values(1,'bj');
insert into t5(id,name) values(2,'sh');
insert into t5(id,name) values(3,'bj');
insert into t5(id,name) values(4,'sh');
insert into t5(id,name) values(5,'tj');
分别登录后端节点查询数据
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t5;"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t5;"
======================================
<tableRule name="crc32slot">
<tableRule name="sharding-by-month">
DBLE自己研究
======================================
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