场景
- 提供一种可以遍历聚合对象的方式。又称为:游标cursor模式
- 聚合对象:存储数据
- 迭代器:遍历数据
JDK内置的迭代器(List/Set)
package com.qianyu.gof.iterator;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
/**
* @author lijing
* @date 2019-04-10-14:38
* @discroption JDK内置迭代器测试类
*/
public class IteratorTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
list.add("a");
list.add("b");
list.add("c");
Iterator<String> iter = list.iterator();
//hasNext()判断是否有下一个元素
while (iter.hasNext()) {
//next()函数返回当前元素,并将游标指向下一位
System.out.println(iter.next());
}
}
}
手动实现迭代器
package com.qianyu.gof.iterator;
/**
* @author lijing
* @date 2019-04-10-14:37
* @discroption 迭代器接口
*/
public interface MyIterator {
/**
* 判断是否有下一个元素
*
* @return
*/
boolean hasNext();
/**
* 返回当前元素,并且将游标向下移动一位
*
* @return
*/
Object next();
}
package com.qianyu.gof.iterator;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author lijing
* @date 2019-04-10-19:18
* @discroption 自定义聚合类
*/
public class MyList {
List<Object> list = new ArrayList<Object>();
public boolean add(Object obj) {
return list.add(obj);
}
public boolean remove(Object obj) {
return list.remove(obj);
}
/**
* 返回迭代器对象
*
* @return
*/
public ConcreteIterator iterator() {
return new ConcreteIterator();
}
/**
* 自定义内部类,可以直接使用外部类的属性
*/
private class ConcreteIterator implements MyIterator {
//游标
private int cursor = 0;
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return this.cursor < list.size();
}
@Override
public Object next() {
return list.get(cursor++);
}
}
}
package com.qianyu.gof.iterator;
/**
* @author lijing
* @date 2019-04-10-19:14
* @discroption 自定义迭代器测试类(迭代器模式)
*/
public class IteratorTest2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyList myList = new MyList();
myList.add("aa");
myList.add("bb");
myList.add("cc");
MyIterator iter = myList.iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()){
System.out.println(iter.next());
}
}
}
UML类图:
补充
实现了Iterable
接口之后就可以使用foreach
循环进行遍历:
import java.util.*;
public class MyList implements Iterable {
private List list = new ArrayList();
@Override
public Iterator iterator() {
return new Iterator() {
private int cursor = 0;
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return cursor < list.size();
}
@Override
public Object next() {
return list.get(cursor++);
}
};
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyList myList = new MyList();
myList.list = Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c", "d");
for (Object o : myList) {
System.out.print(o);
}
System.out.println("\n--------------------------");
myList.forEach(System.out::print);
}
}
运行结果: