ALTER {DATABASE|SCHEMA} db_name [[DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] 字符集] ;
mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE learndb2;
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| learndb2 | CREATE DATABASE `learndb2` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */ |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER DATABASE learndb2 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET = 'UTF8';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE learndb2;
+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| learndb2 | CREATE DATABASE `learndb2` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| learndb2 | CREATE DATABASE `learndb2` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */ |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER DATABASE learndb2 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET = 'UTF8';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE learndb2;
+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| learndb2 | CREATE DATABASE `learndb2` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |
+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+