C语言实现atoi，itoa和atof

首先是atoi的实现，它的功能是将字符串转化为整数。 

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>

/* atoi : convert s to integer; version 2*/
int atoi(char s[]){
	int i, n, sign;

	for (i = 0; isspace(s[i]); i ++) {
		// do nothing
	}

	sign = (s[i] == '-') ? -1 : 1;
	if (s[i] == '-' || s[i] == '+') {
		i ++;
	}
	for ( n = 0; isdigit(s[i]); i ++) {
		n = 10 * n + (s[i] - '0');
	}

	return sign * n;
}

int main(){
	char a[] = "1132";
	printf("%d\n", atoi(a));
	return 0;
}

然后是itoa的实现，它的功能是将整数转化为字符串。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>

void reverse(char s[]);
/*itoa : convert n to characters in s*/
void itoa(int n, char s[]){
	int i, sign;

	if((sign = n) < 0){//记录符号
		n = -n; //使n变为正数
	}

	i = 0;
	do {//生成的字符是反序的
		s[i ++] = n % 10 + '0';
	} while((n /= 10) > 0);
	if (sign < 0) {
		s[i ++] = '-';
	}
	s[i] = '\0';
	
	reverse(s);
}

void reverse(char s[]){
	int c, i, j;

	for (i = 0, j = strlen(s) - 1; i < j ;i ++, j --) {
		c = s[i];
		s[i] = s[j];
		s[j] = c;
	}
}

int main(){
	int n = 235;
	char s[] = "000";
	itoa(n, s);
	printf("%s\n", s);
	
	return 0;
}

最后是atof的实现，它的功能是将字符串转化为浮点数：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>

/* atof : convert string s to double*/
double atof(char s[]){
	double val, power;
	int i, sign;

	for (i = 0; isspace(s[i]); i ++) {/*skip white space*/
		// do nothing
	}
	sign = (s[i] == '-') ? -1 : 1;
	for (val = 0.0; isdigit(s[i]) ; i ++) {
		val = 10.0 * val + s[i] - '0';
	}

	if (s[i] == '.') {//小数点
		i ++;
	}
	for (power = 1.0; isdigit(s[i]); i ++) {
		val = 10.0 * val + s[i] - '0';
		power = power * 10.0;
	}
	return sign * val / power;
}

/*getline : get line into s, return length */  
int getline(char s[], int lim){  
    int c, i ;  
    i = 0;  
    while ( --lim > 0 && (c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n') {  
        s[i++] = c;  
    }  
    if (c == '\n') {  
        s[i ++] = c;  
    }  
    s[i] = '\0';  
    return i;  
} 

#define MAXLINE 100

main(){
	double sum, atof(char []);
	char line[MAXLINE];
	int getline(char line[], int max);

	sum = 0;
	while (getline(line, MAXLINE) > 0) {
		printf("\t%g\n", sum += atof(line));
	}
	return 0;
}