linux c编程 TCP

参考自  21天学通linux  c编程

socket编程可参考：

socket编程：

http://blog.csdn.net/fengyv/article/details/659980

http://www.cnblogs.com/skynet/archive/2010/12/12/1903949.html

http://www.kuqin.com/networkprog/20080512/8361.html

网络字节顺序以及转换函数

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4ad7c25401019qqb.html

创建socket

绑定端口bind

客户端：发送链接请求connect

服务器：监听   listen

服务器：接受链接  accept

发送数据send   write

接受数据recv   read

绑定函数实例

#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define PORT 5678

main()
{
   int sockfd;
   struct sockaddr_in addr;
   int addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
   
   if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))<0) //ipv4,tcp
   {
      perror("socket");
      exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
      printf("socket created \n");
      printf("socked id: %d \n",sockfd);
   }
   
   bzero(&addr,sizeof(addr));
   addr.sin_family =AF_INET;	    //tcp
   addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);	    //port
   addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); //local ip
  
   if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*) &addr,sizeof(addr))<0)
   {
      perror("connect");
      exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
       printf("connected.\n");
       printf("local port:%d\n",PORT)	;
   }
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}

read函数实例  编译下面代码并执行  打开浏览器输入自己的ip:7788/ 回车    就能在终端看到读到的信息

#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<strings.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define PORT 6677

main()
{
   int sockfd,newsockfd,fd;
   struct sockaddr_in addr;
   int addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
   fd_set myreadfds;
   char msgbuffer[256];
   char msg[] ="This is the message from server.Connected.\n";
   
   if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))<0)
   {
      perror("socket");
      exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
      printf("socket created .\n");
      printf("socked id: %d \n",sockfd);
   }
   
   bzero(&addr,sizeof(addr));
   addr.sin_family =AF_INET;
   addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
   addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
  
   if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*) &addr,sizeof(addr))<0)
   {
      perror("connect");
      exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
       printf("connected.\n");
       printf("local port:%d\n",PORT)	;
   }

   if(listen(sockfd,3)<0)
   {
      perror("listen");
      exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
      printf("listenning......\n");	
   }
 
   if((newsockfd = accept (sockfd,(struct sockaddr*) &addr,&addr_len))<0)
   {
      perror("accept");
   }
   else
   {
   	   printf("cnnect from %s\n",inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr));
       if(read(newsockfd,msgbuffer,sizeof(msgbuffer))<=0)
       { 
         perror("accept");
       }
       else
       {    
          printf("message:\n%s \n",msgbuffer);
	    }
	 }
}

综合实例

实例1：

程序说明
本使用tcp协议进行通信，服务端进行监听，在收到客户端的连接后，发送数据给客户端；客户端在接受到数据后打印出来，然后关闭。
1、client.c

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
int cfd;
int recbytes;
int sin_size;
char buffer[1024]={0};   
struct sockaddr_in s_add,c_add;
unsigned short portnum=0x8888; 

printf("Hello,welcome to client !\r\n");

cfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(-1 == cfd)
{
    printf("socket fail ! \r\n");
    return -1;
}
printf("socket ok !\r\n");

bzero(&s_add,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
s_add.sin_family=AF_INET;
s_add.sin_addr.s_addr= inet_addr("192.168.1.2");
s_add.sin_port=htons(portnum);
printf("s_addr = %#x ,port : %#x\r\n",s_add.sin_addr.s_addr,s_add.sin_port);

if(-1 == connect(cfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&s_add), sizeof(struct sockaddr)))
{
    printf("connect fail !\r\n");
    return -1;
}
printf("connect ok !\r\n");

if(-1 == (recbytes = read(cfd,buffer,1024)))
{
    printf("read data fail !\r\n");
    return -1;
}
printf("read ok\r\nREC:\r\n");

buffer[recbytes]='\0';
printf("%s\r\n",buffer);

getchar();
close(cfd);
return 0;
}
2、server.c

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
int sfp,nfp;
struct sockaddr_in s_add,c_add;
int sin_size;
unsigned short portnum=0x8888;

printf("Hello,welcome to my server !\r\n");
sfp = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(-1 == sfp)
{
    printf("socket fail ! \r\n");
    return -1;
}
printf("socket ok !\r\n");

bzero(&s_add,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
s_add.sin_family=AF_INET;
s_add.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
s_add.sin_port=htons(portnum);

if(-1 == bind(sfp,(struct sockaddr *)(&s_add), sizeof(struct sockaddr)))
{
    printf("bind fail !\r\n");
    return -1;
}
printf("bind ok !\r\n");

if(-1 == listen(sfp,5))
{
    printf("listen fail !\r\n");
    return -1;
}
printf("listen ok\r\n");

while(1)
{
sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);

nfp = accept(sfp, (struct sockaddr *)(&c_add), &sin_size);
if(-1 == nfp)
{
    printf("accept fail !\r\n");
    return -1;
}
printf("accept ok!\r\nServer start get connect from %#x : %#x\r\n",ntohl(c_add.sin_addr.s_addr),ntohs(c_add.sin_port));

if(-1 == write(nfp,"hello,welcome to my server \r\n",32))
{
    printf("write fail!\r\n");
    return -1;
}
printf("write ok!\r\n");
close(nfp);

}
close(sfp);
return 0;
}

在cygwin下，使用gcc命令编译如下：
gcc -o server server.c
gcc -o client client.c
然后运行程序：
./server
./client

server执行效果如下：
Hello,welcome to my server !
socket ok !
bind ok !
listen ok
accept ok!
Server start get connect from 0xc0a80102 : 0xc927
write ok!
client执行效果如下：
Hello,welcome to client !
socket ok !
s_addr = 0x201a8c0 ,port : 0x8888
connect ok !
read ok
REC:
hello,welcome to my server
本文欢迎转载，转载请注明出处和作者

出处：http://blog.sina.com.cn/staratsky

作者：流星

实例2：

客户端代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <strings.h>

#define PORT 5678
#define REMOTE_IP "127.0.0.1"

int   main(int argc,char *argv[])
{   
   int s ;
   struct sockaddr_in addr ;
   char mybuffer[256];

   if( (s=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))<0 )
   {
      perror("socket");
      exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
    	printf("socket created .\n");
    	printf("socked id: %d \n",s);
	}

   bzero(&addr,sizeof(addr));
   addr.sin_family =AF_INET;
   addr.sin_port=htons(PORT);
   addr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(REMOTE_IP);

   if(connect(s,(struct sockaddr*) &addr,sizeof(addr))<0)
   {
      perror("connect");
      exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
   	   printf("connected ok!\n");
   	   printf("remote ip:%s\n",REMOTE_IP);
   	   printf("remote port:%d\n",PORT);
    }

   recv(s ,mybuffer,sizeof(mybuffer),0);
   printf("%s\n",mybuffer);

   while(1)
   {
      bzero(mybuffer,sizeof(mybuffer));
      read(STDIN_FILENO,mybuffer,sizeof(mybuffer));

      if(send(s,mybuffer,sizeof(mybuffer),0)<0)
      {
         perror("send");
         exit(1);
      }
      else
      {
         bzero(mybuffer,sizeof(mybuffer));
         recv(s ,mybuffer,sizeof(mybuffer),0);
         printf("received:%s\n",mybuffer);
      }
   }
}

服务器代码

#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#define PORT 5678
#define MAX 10
main()
{
   int sockfd,newsockfd,is_connected[MAX],fd;
   struct sockaddr_in addr;
   int addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
   fd_set myreadfds;
   char msgbuffer[256];
   char msg[] ="This is the message from server.Connected.\n";
   
   if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))<0)
   {
      perror("socket");
      exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
      printf("socket created .\n");
      printf("socked id: %d \n",sockfd);
   }
   
   bzero(&addr,sizeof(addr));
   addr.sin_family =AF_INET;
   addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
   addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
  
   if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*) &addr,sizeof(addr))<0)
   {
      perror("connect");
      exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
       printf("connected.\n");
       printf("local port:%d\n",PORT)	;
   }

   if(listen(sockfd,3)<0)
   {
      perror("listen");
      exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
      printf("listenning......\n");	
   }

   for(fd=0;fd<MAX;fd++)
   {
      is_connected[fd]=0;/*设置所有*/
   }
   
   while(1)
   {
      FD_ZERO(&myreadfds);
      FD_SET(sockfd,&myreadfds);
      for(fd=0;fd<MAX;fd++)
      {
         if(is_connected[fd])
         {
         	 FD_SET(fd,&myreadfds);
	     }
      }
      if(!select(MAX,&myreadfds,NULL,NULL,NULL))
      {
      	  continue;
      }
      for(fd=0;fd<MAX;fd++)
      {            
         if(FD_ISSET(fd,&myreadfds))
         {
            if(sockfd==fd)
            {
               if((newsockfd = accept (sockfd,&addr,&addr_len))<0)
               {
                  perror("accept");
	           }
               write(newsockfd,msg,sizeof(msg));
               is_connected[newsockfd] =1;
               printf("cnnect from %s\n",inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr));
            }
            else
            {       	
               bzero(msgbuffer,sizeof(msgbuffer));
               if(read(fd,msgbuffer,sizeof(msgbuffer))<=0)
               {
                  printf("connect closed.\n");
                  is_connected[fd]=0;
                  close(fd);
                }
                else
                {
                   write(fd,msgbuffer,sizeof(msgbuffer));
                   printf("message:%s \n",msgbuffer);
	            }
             }
         }
      }
   }
}