Spring MVC + Spring + Mybatis3 搭建Web工程原理
可能需要用到参考:
Maven创建web项目:http://blog.csdn.net/liangmaoxuan/article/details/54172426
项目例子下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/liangmaoxuan/9747471Mybatis逆向工程:http://blog.csdn.net/liangmaoxuan/article/details/54563615
引入的jar包:
包也需要搭配正确,少包或错误版本包搭配也会出现未知的错误,会让人纠结死,网上也有很多同类型的包自己选择版本
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.lmx.ptest</groupId>
<artifactId>ptest</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ptest Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本号 -->
<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
<!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<!-- 表示开发的时候引入,发布的时候不会加载此包 -->
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.25</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入dbcp的jar包,用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL标签类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 格式化对象,方便输出日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!-- 映入JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 上传组件包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.7.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
<version>1.10.19</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<finalName>ptest</finalName>
</build>
</project>
1.设置web.xml
(1)spring 方面:
spring 启动时候会首先去执行放在WEB-INF/目录下applicationContext.xml文件(如果在web.xml中不写任何参数配置信息,默认的路径是"/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml),在启动Web 容器时,自动装配Spring applicationContext.xml 的配置信息。
PS:
WEB-INF目录下创建的xml文件的名称必须是applicationContext.xml。如果是要自定义文件名可以在web.xml里加入contextConfigLocation这个context参数,多个相同前缀也可以使用通配符(*).
ContextLoaderListener的作用就是启动Web容器时,自动装配ApplicationContext的配置信息。系统启动的时候,系统自动加载org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener这个类,然后由它负责创建Spring容器即WebApplicationContext,系统会把bean放在其中,保存在内存,需要时候就会取出,一般情况下,创建完成后,负责IOC操作,你不需要获取它,如果非要在程序中调用它,可以通过WebApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);来获取这个容器。
<!-- Spring监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
(2)spring MVC方面:
容器初始化时候一同初始化Servlet,并且监听指定入口(/,*.do,*.action等),监听被激活时候,进入spring MVC处理并且返回输出
<!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!-- 对应的XML文件 -->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 初始化时候启动 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
2.设置XML
(1)Spring 对应的spring-mybatis.xml文件设置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!--会对base-package包或者子包下的所有的进行java类进行扫描,并把匹配的java类注册成bean。 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lmx" />
<!-- 开启注解模式 PS:要使用spring mvc中的@Controller注解,就必须要配置<mvc:annotation-driven
/>, 否则org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet无法找到控制器并把请求分发到控制器 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 通过把对应值发射进入class类内组建dataSource对象 以下只需通过ID反射调用传送对象 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/netcare_db" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="" />
</bean>
<!-- 通过把对应值发射进入class类内组建datsqlSessionFactory对象 以下只需通过ID反射调用传送对象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapping/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- MapperScannerConfigurer 自动扫描 将Mapper接口生成代理注入到Spring -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.lmx"></property>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 创建sqlSessionTemplate类 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionTemplate" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 创建事务 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
(1)Spring 对应的spring-MVC.xml文件设置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!--避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON转换器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ,视图模式配置-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀,变成一个 可用的url地址 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
到这里配置已经完成。
总结不好多多担待,文章只单纯个人总结,如不好勿喷,技术有限,有错漏麻烦指正提出。本人QQ:373965070