使用Servlet创建验证码图片

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-03 14:49:26 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-03 14:49:26 发布

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分类专栏： java-web 文章标签： servlet 验证码安全

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lianlekai/article/details/47612957

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在做用户登录的时候，为了安全起见，都会在登录按钮前设置一个验证码输入，下面是一个验证码输入的函数，用servlet开发的。

package com.wy.servlet;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class PictureCheckCode extends HttpServlet {
    private Font mFont = new Font("黑体", Font.BOLD, 17);
    public PictureCheckCode() {
        super();
    }
    public void destroy() {
        super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log
        // Put your code here
    }
    public void init() throws ServletException {
        // Put your code here
        super.init();
    }

    Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
        Random random = new Random();
        if (fc > 255)
            fc = 255;
        if (bc > 255)
            bc = 255;
        int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        return new Color(r, g, b);
    }
    public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "No-cache");
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
        // 指定生成的响应是图片
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        int width = 70;
        int height = 19;
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
        Random random = new Random();
        g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
        g.fillRect(1, 1, width - 1, height - 1);
        g.setColor(new Color(102, 102, 102));
        g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
        g.setFont(mFont);
        g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
        // 画随机的线条
        for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) {
            int x = random.nextInt(width - 1);
            int y = random.nextInt(height - 1);
            int x1 = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
            int y1 = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
            g.drawLine(x, y, x + x1, y + y1);
        }
        String sRand = "";
        // 输出随机的验证文字
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            int itmp = random.nextInt(26) + 65;
            char ctmp = (char) itmp;
            sRand += String.valueOf(ctmp);
            g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random
                    .nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
            g.drawString(String.valueOf(ctmp), 15 * i + 10, 16);
        }
        // 将生成的验证码保存到Session中
        HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
        session.setAttribute("rand", sRand);
        g.dispose();
        ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
    }

}

另外，需要在web.xml中进行配置，配置如下：

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>PictureCheckCode</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.wy.servlet.PictureCheckCode</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>PictureCheckCode</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/PictureCheckCode</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

然后，就可以在网页中使用了，使用方法如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>验证码图片</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div align="center">
        <form action="userInfo?method=5" method="post">
            <table width="367" border="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><img border=0 src="PictureCheckCode" name="checkCode"></td>
                    <td width="163" colspan="2"><input name="code" type="text"></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td height="25">&nbsp;</td>
                    <td><input type="submit" name="Submit" value=" 提 交  "></td>
                  </tr>
                   <tr>
                <td height="30">&nbsp;</td>
                <td colspan="3">${requestScope.information}</td>
            </tr>
                </table>
        </form>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

生成的效果如下：
这里写图片描述

验证方法如下：

    private void checkPictureCode(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws UnsupportedEncodingException,
            ServletException, IOException {
        String information="";
        session = request.getSession();
        String rand = (String) session.getAttribute("rand");
        String code = (String) request.getParameter("code");
            if (rand.equals(code)) {
                information = "你输入的验证码正确";
            } else {
                information = "您输入的验证码不正确！";
            }

        request.setAttribute("information", information);
        request.getRequestDispatcher("checkPictureCode.jsp").forward(request, response);
    }