ScrollView和ListView嵌套ListView显示不全问题

不知道大家在使用ScrollView嵌套ListView的过程中有没有发现过这样一个问题,那就是ScrollView嵌套ListView的时候无论我们怎么设置ListView的宽和高,ListView都会显示不全,并且大家有没有发现它只会显示ListView的一个条目。

那么为什么会出现这个问题,同时这个问题又是怎么处理的,别急先听我慢慢道来。

首先我们先看一下,ScrollView和ListView嵌套显示不全,是怎么显示的呢。看看是不是和你遇到的情况是否是一样的呢?
这里写图片描述
请原谅我不会发动态图,但是我的ListView有10个条目但是在这里确只是显示了一个条目。

那么在讲怎么处理这个问题之前,先讲一下为什么会出现这个问题,因为只有当我们只有知道为什么会出现这个问题,我们才能找出解决这个问题当方法。

做过自定义View的应该都会知道在自定义VIew的过程中其实有一个方法onMeasure(),他的作用就是进行测量,通俗点讲onMeasure()方法就是决定该控件的宽度和高度,因为ScrollView和ListVIew其实也是一个自定义的View,只不过他是google工程师自定义的控件,所以我们可以看官方ScrollView和ListView中 onMeasure()方法

首先先看一下ScrollView中的onMeasure()方法,在ScrollView中有一个方法

 @Override
    protected void measureChildWithMargins(View child, int parentWidthMeasureSpec, int widthUsed,
            int parentHeightMeasureSpec, int heightUsed) {
        final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();

        final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,
                mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin
                        + widthUsed, lp.width);
        final int usedTotal = mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin +
                heightUsed;
        final int childHeightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeSafeMeasureSpec(
                Math.max(0, MeasureSpec.getSize(parentHeightMeasureSpec) - usedTotal),
                MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);

        child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
    }

我们可以发现它给他的子VIew传递的模式为MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED也就是有多大取多大。

然后我们在看看ListView中的onMeasure()方法是怎么写的

@Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        // Sets up mListPadding
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

        final int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        final int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        int widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);

        int childWidth = 0;
        int childHeight = 0;
        int childState = 0;

        mItemCount = mAdapter == null ? 0 : mAdapter.getCount();
        if (mItemCount > 0 && (widthMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED
                || heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED)) {
            final View child = obtainView(0, mIsScrap);

            // Lay out child directly against the parent measure spec so that
            // we can obtain exected minimum width and height.
            measureScrapChild(child, 0, widthMeasureSpec, heightSize);

            childWidth = child.getMeasuredWidth();
            childHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight();
            childState = combineMeasuredStates(childState, child.getMeasuredState());

            if (recycleOnMeasure() && mRecycler.shouldRecycleViewType(
                    ((LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams()).viewType)) {
                mRecycler.addScrapView(child, 0);
            }
        }

        if (widthMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED) {
            widthSize = mListPadding.left + mListPadding.right + childWidth +
                    getVerticalScrollbarWidth();
        } else {
            widthSize |= (childState & MEASURED_STATE_MASK);
        }

        if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED) {
            heightSize = mListPadding.top + mListPadding.bottom + childHeight +
                    getVerticalFadingEdgeLength() * 2;
        }

         ...

        setMeasuredDimension(widthSize, heightSize);

        mWidthMeasureSpec = widthMeasureSpec;
    }

代码是不是很多,没关系,我把他重要的一个判断拿了出来

    if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED) {
            heightSize = mListPadding.top + mListPadding.bottom + childHeight +
                    getVerticalFadingEdgeLength() * 2;
        }

上面是这样判断的如果ListVIew的测量模式为 MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED那么ListVIew的高度就是他的top+他一个条目的高度+bottom

好了我这里总结一下为什么ListView和ScrollView嵌套会显示不全

ScrollView在给他的子View传测量模式的时候会传MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED.而在ListView中他在确定ListView的高度的时候,会进行判断,如果他的测量模式为MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED他的高度只是一个ListVIew的条目,所以他才会显示不全

然后在来说说怎么处理这个问题,处理他的思路就是重新测量ListView的高度,这里我说一下我的处理思路,我的思路就是不让ListView的 onMeasure()方法中的判断进入

    if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED) {
            heightSize = mListPadding.top + mListPadding.bottom + childHeight +
                    getVerticalFadingEdgeLength() * 2;
        }

我们可以自定义一个类,然后继承ListView重写onMeasure()方法

 @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        int i = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(Integer.MAX_VALUE >> 2, MeasureSpec.AT_MOST);
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, i);
    }

这里我写出我自己onMeasure()里面的实现方式

我在这里讲一下为什么要这样写
首先讲一下makeMeasureSpec(Integer.MAX_VALUE >> 2, MeasureSpec.AT_MOST);里面的两个参数,一个是32位的Int类型的尺寸,第二个参数是时一个测量模式,第二个参数很好理解,第一个参数他前两位代表的是测量模式,其他位代表尺寸大小。

然后说一下为什么要给他传取Int行最大的数并且向右移动两位,向右移动两位是因为刚说了他第一个参数前两位代表测量模式。然后为什么要传int最大数呢?这里看一下下面源码我们就知道了

final int measureHeightOfChildren(int widthMeasureSpec, int startPosition, int endPosition,
            int maxHeight, int disallowPartialChildPosition) {
        final ListAdapter adapter = mAdapter;
        if (adapter == null) {
            return mListPadding.top + mListPadding.bottom;
        }

        // Include the padding of the list
        int returnedHeight = mListPadding.top + mListPadding.bottom;
        final int dividerHeight = mDividerHeight;
        // The previous height value that was less than maxHeight and contained
        // no partial children
        int prevHeightWithoutPartialChild = 0;
        int i;
        View child;

        // mItemCount - 1 since endPosition parameter is inclusive
        endPosition = (endPosition == NO_POSITION) ? adapter.getCount() - 1 : endPosition;
        final AbsListView.RecycleBin recycleBin = mRecycler;
        final boolean recyle = recycleOnMeasure();
        final boolean[] isScrap = mIsScrap;

        for (i = startPosition; i <= endPosition; ++i) {
            child = obtainView(i, isScrap);

            measureScrapChild(child, i, widthMeasureSpec, maxHeight);

            if (i > 0) {
                // Count the divider for all but one child
                returnedHeight += dividerHeight;
            }

            // Recycle the view before we possibly return from the method
            if (recyle && recycleBin.shouldRecycleViewType(
                    ((LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams()).viewType)) {
                recycleBin.addScrapView(child, -1);
            }

            returnedHeight += child.getMeasuredHeight();

            if (returnedHeight >= maxHeight) {
                // We went over, figure out which height to return.  If returnedHeight > maxHeight,
                // then the i'th position did not fit completely.
                return (disallowPartialChildPosition >= 0) // Disallowing is enabled (> -1)
                            && (i > disallowPartialChildPosition) // We've past the min pos
                            && (prevHeightWithoutPartialChild > 0) // We have a prev height
                            && (returnedHeight != maxHeight) // i'th child did not fit completely
                        ? prevHeightWithoutPartialChild
                        : maxHeight;
            }

            if ((disallowPartialChildPosition >= 0) && (i >= disallowPartialChildPosition)) {
                prevHeightWithoutPartialChild = returnedHeight;
            }
        }

        // At this point, we went through the range of children, and they each
        // completely fit, so return the returnedHeight
        return returnedHeight;
    }

我们可以看到在确定ListVIew的高度的时候会有这样一个判断

     if (returnedHeight >= maxHeight) {
                // We went over, figure out which height to return.  If returnedHeight > maxHeight,
                // then the i'th position did not fit completely.
                return (disallowPartialChildPosition >= 0) // Disallowing is enabled (> -1)
                            && (i > disallowPartialChildPosition) // We've past the min pos
                            && (prevHeightWithoutPartialChild > 0) // We have a prev height
                            && (returnedHeight != maxHeight) // i'th child did not fit completely
                        ? prevHeightWithoutPartialChild
                        : maxHeight;
            }

也就是如果我们传入的尺寸如果小于系统计算出来的尺寸,那么就会使用我们传入的尺寸,但是我们所需要的值是系统计算出来的,所以我们在传值的过程中一定不能小于系统计算出来的值

好了这就是ScrollView嵌套ListVIew,ListView显示不全的原因.

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