ImportError: /usr/lib64/libm.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.23‘ not found (required by /opt/conda/lib/ ...

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已于 2023-11-29 14:16:11 修改

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分类专栏： docker 文章标签： docker keras tensorflow gnu python

于 2023-11-29 14:05:40 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/liaoningxinmin/article/details/134687831

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文章讲述了在特定的docker容器环境中，使用Keras时遇到ImportError，原因在于TensorFlow版本过低。作者通过将TensorFlow版本从1.14.0升级到1.15.0解决了问题，强调了在Docker容器中直接修改底层库如GNU和GCC较困难时，这种版本调整作为有效解决方案。

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实验环境：

docker容器相关版本

gcc==7.3.1 （gcc --version）
conda==22.9.0
python==3.7
gnu==2.17（ldd --version）
Keras==2.3.1
tensorflow==1.14.0

上述环境中，我安装好keras、tensorflow后（主要是keras依赖于tensorflow），使用keras时报错，主要信息如下：

Using TensorFlow backend.

    from keras.models import Model
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/keras/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from . import utils
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/keras/utils/__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from . import conv_utils
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/keras/utils/conv_utils.py", line 9, in <module>
    from .. import backend as K
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/keras/backend/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .load_backend import epsilon
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/keras/backend/load_backend.py", line 90, in <module>
    from .tensorflow_backend import *
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/keras/backend/tensorflow_backend.py", line 5, in <module>
    import tensorflow as tf
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/tensorflow/__init__.py", line 28, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow  # pylint: disable=unused-import
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py", line 49, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 74, in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
    _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description)
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/imp.py", line 242, in load_module
    return load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
  File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic
    return _load(spec)
ImportError: /usr/lib64/libm.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.23' not found (required by /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/_pywrap_tensorflow_internal.so)


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/errors

for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.

错误关键是:

ImportError: /usr/lib64/libm.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.23'

主要讲的是gnu的事情，gnu这里就不展开介绍了，主要说一下解决方法：

探索出来的简便方法，换用tensorflow版本为1.15.0（原来是1.14.0），使用如下命令在docker容器中替换原来的版本
```
pip install tensorflow==1.15.0 -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
```
别问我是怎么知道的（尝试出来的），tensorflow版本差异比较大，而python3.7最低支持的tensorflow版本是1.13.1，我先把tensorflow版本降低到1.13.1，发现还是报上面的错误，然后又把版本提升了一个小版本到1.15.0，结果所有错误都解决了，兼容了！
网上各种说法的都有，比如更换python到3.6、提升gnu版本、升级gcc等等

但对于docker容器中，且容器不太好修改的时候(dockerfile中修改gnu、gcc比较麻烦)，上述方法无疑是最有效、最高效的，因为大多数人对gnu、gcc了解比较少，遇到问题解决问题，至此与各位分享！