hadoop2的学习资料很少,只有官网的少数文档。如果想更深入的研究hadoop2,除了仅看官网的文档外,还要学习如何看源码,通过不断的调试跟踪源码,学习hadoop的运行机制。
1.安装CentOS
我使用的是CentOS6.5,下载地址是http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/6.5/isos/x86_64/,选择CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso 下载,注意是64位的,大小是4GB,需要下载一段时间的。其实6.x的版本都可以,不一定是6.5。
我使用的是VMWare虚拟机,分配了2GB内存,20GB磁盘空间。内存太小,会比较慢;磁盘太小,编译时可能会出现空间不足的情况。上述不是最低配置,根据自己的机器配置修改吧。还有,一定要保持linux联网状态。
以下是按照各种软件,我把软件下载后全部复制到/usr/local目录下,以下命令执行的路径是在/usr/local目录下。请读者在阅读时,一定要注意路径。
2.安装JDK
hadoop是java写的,编译hadoop必须安装jdk。
从oracle官网下载jdk,下载地址是http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk7-downloads-1880260.html,选择 jdk-7u45-linux-x64.tar.gz下载。
执行以下命令解压缩jdk
tar -zxvf jdk-7u45-linux-x64.tar.gz
会生成一个文件夹jdk1.7.0_45,然后设置环境变量中。
执行命令 vi /etc/profile,增加以下内容到配置文件中,结果显示如下
3.安装maven
hadoop源码是使用maven组织管理的,必须下载maven。从maven官网下载,下载地址是http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi,选择 apache-maven-3.0.5-bin.tar.gz 下载,不要选择3.1下载。
执行以下命令解压缩jdk
tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.0.5-bin.tar.gz
会生成一个文件夹apache-maven-3.0.5,然后设置环境变量中。
执行命令vi /etc/profile,编辑结果如下图所示
4.安装findbugs(可选步骤)
findbugs是用于生成文档的。如果不需要编译生成文档,可以不执行该步骤。从findbugs官网下载findbugs,下载地址是http://sourceforge.jp/projects/sfnet_findbugs/releases/,选择findbugs-3.0.0-dev-20131204-e3cbbd5.tar.gz下载。
执行以下命令解压缩jdk
tar -zxvf findbugs-3.0.0-dev-20131204-e3cbbd5.tar.gz
会生成一个文件夹findbugs-3.0.0-dev-20131204-e3cbbd5,然后设置环境变量中。
执行命令vi /etc/profile,编辑结果如下图所示
5.安装protoc
hadoop使用protocol buffer通信,从protoc官网下载protoc,下载地址是https://code.google.com/p/protobuf/downloads/list,选择protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz 下载。
为了编译安装protoc,需要下载几个工具,顺序执行以下命令
yum install gcc
yum intall gcc-c++
yum install make
如果操作系统是CentOS6.5那么gcc和make已经安装了。其他版本不一定。在命令运行时,需要用户经常输入“y”。
然后执行以下命令解压缩protobuf
tar -zxvf protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz
会生成一个文件夹protobuf-2.5.0,执行以下命令编译protobuf。
cd protobuf-2.5.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/protoc/
make && make install
只要不出错就可以了。
执行完毕后,编译后的文件位于/usr/local/protoc/目录下,我们设置一下环境变量
执行命令vi /etc/profile,编辑结果如下图所示
6.安装其他依赖
顺序执行以下命令
yum install cmake
yum install openssl-devel
yum install ncurses-devel
安装完毕即可。
7.编译hadoop2.2源码
从hadoop官网下载2.2稳定版,下载地址是http://apache.fayea.com/apache-mirror/hadoop/common/stable2/,下载hadoop-2.2.0-src.tar.gz 下载。
执行以下命令解压缩jdk
tar -zxvf hadoop-2.2.0-src.tar.gz
会生成一个文件夹 hadoop-2.2.0-src。源代码中有个bug,这里需要修改一下,编辑目录/usr/local/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-common-project/hadoop-auth中的文件pom.xml,执行以下命令
gedit pom.xml
在第55行下增加以下内容
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-util</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
保存退出即可。
上述bug详见https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HADOOP-10110,在hadoop3中修复了,离我们太遥远了。
好了,现在进入到目录/usr/local/hadoop-2.2.0-src中,执行命令
mvn package -DskipTests -Pdist,native,docs
如果没有执行第4步,把上面命令中的docs去掉即可,就不必生成文档了。
该命令会从外网下载依赖的jar,编译hadoop源码,需要花费很长时间,你可以吃饭了。
在等待n久之后,可以看到如下的结果:
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Main ................................ SUCCESS [6.936s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Project POM ......................... SUCCESS [4.928s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Annotations ......................... SUCCESS [9.399s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Assemblies .......................... SUCCESS [0.871s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Project Dist POM .................... SUCCESS [7.981s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Maven Plugins ....................... SUCCESS [8.965s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth ................................ SUCCESS [39.748s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth Examples ....................... SUCCESS [11.081s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Common .............................. SUCCESS [10:41.466s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop NFS ................................. SUCCESS [26.346s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Common Project ...................... SUCCESS [0.061s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS ................................ SUCCESS [12:49.368s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HttpFS .............................. SUCCESS [41.896s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS BookKeeper Journal ............. SUCCESS [41.043s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS-NFS ............................ SUCCESS [9.650s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS Project ........................ SUCCESS [0.051s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn ....................................... SUCCESS [1:22.693s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-api ................................... SUCCESS [1:20.262s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-common ................................ SUCCESS [1:30.530s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server ................................ SUCCESS [0.177s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-common ......................... SUCCESS [15.781s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager .................... SUCCESS [40.800s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy ...................... SUCCESS [6.099s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager ................ SUCCESS [37.639s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-tests .......................... SUCCESS [4.516s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-client ................................ SUCCESS [25.594s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications .......................... SUCCESS [0.286s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell ......... SUCCESS [10.143s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client ........................... SUCCESS [0.119s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-core ...................... SUCCESS [55.812s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher .... SUCCESS [8.749s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-site .................................. SUCCESS [0.524s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-project ............................... SUCCESS [16.641s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-common .................... SUCCESS [40.796s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle ................... SUCCESS [7.628s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-app ....................... SUCCESS [24.066s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs ........................ SUCCESS [13.243s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient ................. SUCCESS [16.670s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins ................ SUCCESS [3.787s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Examples .................. SUCCESS [17.012s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce .................................. SUCCESS [6.459s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Streaming ................. SUCCESS [12.149s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Distributed Copy .................... SUCCESS [15.968s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Archives ............................ SUCCESS [5.851s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Rumen ............................... SUCCESS [18.364s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Gridmix ............................. SUCCESS [14.943s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Data Join ........................... SUCCESS [9.648s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Extras .............................. SUCCESS [5.763s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Pipes ............................... SUCCESS [16.289s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools Dist .......................... SUCCESS [3.261s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools ............................... SUCCESS [0.043s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Distribution ........................ SUCCESS [56.188s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Client .............................. SUCCESS [10.910s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Mini-Cluster ........................ SUCCESS [0.321s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 40:00.444s
[INFO] Finished at: Thu Dec 26 12:42:24 CST 2013
[INFO] Final Memory: 109M/362M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
好了,编译完成了。
编译后的代码在/usr/local/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-dist/target下面,如下图。
<a href="http://www.superwu.cn/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/image12.png" class="cboxElement" rel="example4" 913"="" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(1, 150, 227);">
如果有的同学操作失败,可以直接下载我已经安装好的镜像文件,链接:http://pan.baidu.com/share/link?shareid=956286972&uk=2032187724 密码:n0kf